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William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare. Our World’s Greatest Playwright. In the beginning. . . Born late April 1564 Born in Stratford-upon-Avon Baptized April 26, so probably born 3 days earlier on April 23 . Parents. Father: John glove maker, wool merchant, and “High Bailiff” mayor; died 1601

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William Shakespeare

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  1. William Shakespeare Our World’s Greatest Playwright

  2. In the beginning. . . • Born late April 1564 • Born in Stratford-upon-Avon • Baptized April 26, so probably born 3 days earlier on April 23

  3. Parents • Father: John glove maker, wool merchant, and “High Bailiff” mayor; died 1601 • Mother: Mary Arden, daughter of a successful farmer; died 1608 • 3rd of 8 children • First born son Shakespeare’s birthplace in Stratford-upon-Avon http://www.aboutbritain.com/ShakespearesBirthplace.htm

  4. Education • Began at about age 5 • Stratford grammar school • Long days: 6 a.m.-early evening • Year-round school (except major holidays) Shakespeare’s School Room, King Edward VI School

  5. Marriage • Anne Hathaway • Nov. 1582 • He was 18; she was 26 and pregnant Anne Hathaway’s Cottage http://www.onlineshakespeare.com/hathaway.htm

  6. Children • Susanna: born May 26, 1583; married Dr. John Hall in 1607; had one child Elizabeth; died 1649 • Hamnet: a twin born February 2, 1585; died at age 11 and buried on August 11, 1596 • Judith: a twin born February 2, 1585; married Thomas Quiney and had 3 children (none lived to be older than 21); died 1662

  7. Shakespeare’s Genealogy

  8. Places to See Mary Arden’s house (where his mother grew up) The Gardens at the New Place Nash’s House and New Place (His granddaughter Elizabeth’s home. He built his retirement home next to hers.) Hall’s Croft Daughter, Susanna’s home http://www.onlineshakespeare.com/croft.htm http://www.onlineshakespeare.com/nash.htm

  9. The Lost Years • 1585-1592 • Theories: traveled to Italy fought in Low Countries studied law / medicine worked as an apprentice actor/writer • By 1592, Shakespeare had a successful career in London

  10. The Theater • Actor • Playwright • Part owner of the acting company he wrote for, Lord Chamberlain’s Men • LC’sM renamed King’s Men after James was king in 1603 • He became rich from acting company rather than sale of plays

  11. The Globe • First opened in 1599 • Destroyed by fire in 1613 today 1614 reconstruction

  12. Plays, Sonnets, and More • Over 37 plays: comedy, history, tragedy • Over 150 sonnets • 2 lengthy narrative poems • Comedy History Tragedy All’s Well That Ends Well Henry IV, pt 1 Antony and Cleopatra As You Like It Henry IV, pt 2 Coriolanus The Comedy of Errors Henry V Hamlet Cymbeline Henry VI, pt 1 Julius Caesar Love’s Labours Lost Henry VI, pt 2 King Lear Measure for Measure Henry VI, pt 3 Macbeth The Merry Wives of Windsor Henry VIII Othello The Merchant of Venice King John Romeo and Juliet A Midsummer Night’s Dream Richard II Timon of Athens Much Ado About Nothing Richard III Titus Andronicus Pericles, Prince of Tyre Taming of the Shrew The Tempest Troilus and Cressida Twelfth Night Two Gentlemen of Verona Winter’s Tale

  13. Our Language, Thanks to Shakespeare • Words that first appeared in his plays: • Admirable attorney bedroom • Distasteful fashionable frugal • Laughable mimic successful • Phrases: • “at one fell swoop” or “sick at heart” • Sentences: • “all the world’s a stage” • “to thine own self be true” • “the course of true love never did run smooth”

  14. More Words and Phrases . . . • Of the 17,677 words that Shakespeare used in all of his plays and sonnets, he was the first to use over 1,700 of them. He wrote many of the words and phrases that we consider clichés today. Which of the following words and phrases do you think Shakespeare coined? Heartsick Heart of gold One fell swoop Long-haired Naked truth Foregone conclusion Break the ice It’s Greek to me Hot-blooded Eat out of house and home Leapfrog Too much of a good thing Fancy-free Wear one’s hear on one’s sleeve Live-long day The milk of human kindness

  15. Even More Words and Phrases • Some of the words we write and speak today in the English language many not have come into use without Shakespeare. The following is a list of some of the words he was first to write: gnarled frugal bump countless lonely eventful dwindle radiance control laughable misplaced impartial amazement obscene generous hurry road critic • Which of these words do you use most in your daily vocabulary? What would you say instead if Shakespeare had never written these words?

  16. William’s Will • Dated March 25, 1616 • 10 pounds to “the poor of Stratford” • Money to 3 actors of his company • 150 pounds to Judith (another 150 pounds 3 years later) • Most to his daughter Susanna • Wife, Anne, afterthought, “Item, I give unto my wife my second best bed with the furniture”

  17. His Gravesite • Died April 23, 1616 • Shakespeare is buried at Church of the Holy Trinity in Stratford • An inscription on his tombstone reads: Good friend, for Jesus´ sake forbeare To digg the dust enclosed here! Blest be ye man that spares thes stones And curst be he that moues my bones. http://www.onlineshakespeare.com/death.htm

  18. First Folio • Written by John Heminges & Henry Condell (actors) • Published in 1623 • 36 of his plays included (18 for the first time) • “to keep the memory of so worthy a friend and fellow alive”

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