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Referencing

Presentation on how to use Harvard Referencing system

SarahCrowson
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Referencing

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  1. ALS/StudyPlus/2013 Fig.1: Magic book wallpaper, Picstopin (2013) Referencing

  2. Objectives • Introduce (or refresh) reasons for referencing • Present and demonstrate how to reference material within an assignment (Harvard style) • Present and demonstrate how to reference said material at the end of an assignment (Harvard style) • Promote the importance of gathering and organising references as you research ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  3. Overview You will all use references at some point in your career as practitioners: • During this course (assignments) • As part of any further course(s) – undergraduates and postgraduates • As practitioners (exhibitions, articles) • As potential academics or educators ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  4. Why reference? Integrity “Academic Integrity is a commitment to scholarship founded on the values of honesty, truth and respect, which emphasises the importance of original work and ideas, attributing and acknowledging sources where necessary and not using unfair or improper means to gain advantage.” (University for the Creative Arts, 2012) (example of quoted text inline) ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  5. Referencing and artistic integrity The UCA article (2012) clarifies this by stating that creative and practical work with integrity will: • Clearly state the source of any ideas you have used. • Make the research trail of your work clear. (Here I have paraphrased the content of the text, but still cited the original idea inline) ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  6. Glossary of terms Bibliography: A list of all your reading material, presented after your reference list Citation: a quotation from, or reference to any kind of source in your assignment, including when information is paraphrased Reference list: A list of your citations (usually presented at the end of your assignment) Inline – within your written assignment/thesis/essay Source: Where you found the information you have cited ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  7. Harvard referencing: The basics Text in purple: How to reference material presented in quotes Text in red – One way to reference material you have paraphrased If you quote from ANY written, audio/video or live source (book, website, blog, article): • “you MUST give the reference inline with the author’s surname, and either page number or date” (Crowson, 2013) • Crowson (2013) also says that if you paraphrase (summarise) any source, you must also reference inline • If you scan in or copy an inline illustration you must also give the title of the artwork and the date of publication ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  8. Harvard referencing – books After the inline reference, you must also provide a full reference in a reference list. For standard texts, this is laid out as: • Author surname • Initials • Year of publication • Title of publication • Edition • Place of publication • Publisher • Page numbers ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  9. Harvard referencing - websites After the inline reference, you must include these in your reference list as: • Author/s or corporate body • Date of publication • last update or copyright date • Title • URL (web address) • [date last accessed] ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  10. Harvard referencing – illustrations scanned from books You will need to include a full reference in your separate list of illustrations (placed after your textual reference)s: • Artists surname • Date of production • Medium • Title of book • Plate number • Publisher ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  11. Harvard Referencing – Illustrations from websites • Artist's surname then given names 
or initials (if unknown, replace with the title of the image): • Creation date if known: • Image title (unless artist is unknown, as in this example) • URL (website address) • [date of access] ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  12. Demonstrating referencing • Research Lecture: ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  13. ALS/StudyPlus/2013 “Data, data, data. I cannot make bricks without clay” Conan-Doyle (1892), p33 Fig.1: Sherlock Holmes: Fanart.tv(2012) “My journey took me some what further down the rabbit hole than I intended and though I dirtied my fluffy white tail I have emerged, enlightened.” Sherlock Holmes [Film] (2009) Research Skills: Sarah Crowson

  14. What is academic research? Sherlock called it ‘deductive reasoning’ – in other words, our input – our reasoning and deduction is as important as the facts we find out. Fig. 2: Research, Bornstein (2013) ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  15. Why research? "The universe is full of magical things patiently waiting for our wits to grow sharper." --- Eden Phillpots Phillpots(P.19) ALS/StudyPlus/2013 Fig. 3: The Universe:

  16. Practical research tips Fig. 4: Reading Tree, Welcome to Gateshead libraries (2013) ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  17. Questioning Basic questioning skills: • How old..? • What media..? • Where born..? Intermediate skills: • Did his relationships inform his work? • Why did she use that media? Fig. 5: Question Mark, askville.com ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  18. Advanced Questioning skills Advanced Questioning skills: Does his age make a difference to..? What if she had worked using a different media..? What effect did his social situation have on his work..? How does his/her work compare to..? Fig. 6: Question, Belluci, M ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  19. Where? Books Magazines Online articles Websites Youtube Fig. 7: Magical Book, Flynn (2012) ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  20. Books Pros: • Give good general overview of a situation • Your brain processes and holds information longer from books and other tangible sources • Usually valid (printing costs money!) Cons: • Can be expensive or hard to get hold of • Can take longer to find information Fig. 8: Girl with Flying Books, Joyce and Oldenburg (2011) ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  21. Organising your research ALS/StudyPlus/2013 Fig. 9: Pez Collection, Studio B designs (2010)

  22. References Conan Doyle, A (1892) The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, The Adventure of the Copper Beeches, Collins Classic, Massachusetts p.33 Phillpotts, E (1918) A Shadow Passes, Cecil Palmer and Hayward, London. p.19 Sherlock Holmes (2009) Directed by Ritchie, G [Film]. Warner Bros, France ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  23. Illustrations • Fig. 1: Sherlock Holmes, Badbrad, C (2012) Fanart.tv (making the most of your movie collection http://fanart.tv/movie/10528/sherlock-holmes/ [accessed 10/10/2013] • Fig. 2: Research: Bornstein, B (2013) University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Jury, Justice and Eyewitness Research Group http://psychology.unl.edu/juryjusticeeyewitness/ [accessed 10/10/2013] • Fig. 3: The Universe wallpaper: Anon (2012) MoyeaPowerpoint to DVD http://www.dvd-ppt-slideshow.com/powerpoint-background/ [accessed 10/10/2013] • Fig. 4: Reading Tree (Anon) Welcome to Gateshead libraries (2013) Bringing words to live: Gateshead libraries http://www.asaplive.com/your-local-library [accessed 10/10/2013 ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  24. Illustrations • Fig. 5: Question Mark: Anon (2012-13) Askville.comhttp://askville.amazon.com/Nutty-QUESTION-MARK-avatars-forward-sing-official-count/AnswerViewer.do?requestId=9019408 [accessed 10/10/2013] • Fig. 6: Question, Belluci, M (2005) Exhibition of Jean-Michel Folon.Forte Belvedere, Firenze http://www.flickr.com/photos/marcobellucci/3534516458/ [accessed 10/10/2013] • Fig. 7: Magical Book Flynn, S (2012) http://danspapers.com/2012/06/take-another-look-at-books/ [accessed 15/10/2013] • Fig. 8: Girl with Flying Books. From: The fantastic flying books of Maurice LessmoreDirected by Joyce, W and Oldenburg, B (2011), Moonbot Studios, Louisiana • Fig. 9: Pez Collection, Studio B Designs (2010), Creative Juice, http://studiobcreativejuice.blogspot.co.uk/2010/07/what-were-they-thinking-thursday-knick.html [accessed 10/10/2013] ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  25. Bibliography • Cottrell,S (2003) The Study Skills Handbook, 2nd Edition. Basingstoke. Palgrave Macmillan • Horton-Eddison, Martin (2013) Study Skills – Essay writing for university: the Roadmap Method (E-book) available at Amazon.co.uk • Schechter, J (2012) Deductive Reasoning, The Encyclopedia of the Mind, edited by Hal Pashler, SAGE Publishing. • Swetnam, D and Swetnam, R (2009) Writing your dissertation, Oxford. How To Books Ltd • The British Library (2013), Learning Research Skills, The British Library http://www.bl.uk/learning/cresearch/skills/creative.html [accessed 9/9/2013] • The Open University Library (2013), Information Skills for Researchers, OU research Portal, http://www.open.ac.uk/infoskills-researchers/developing-introduction.htm [accessed 12/9/2013] ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  26. When don’t you reference? When: • You are describing or explaining your own experiences or ideas • You are talking about something widely recognised as ‘common knowledge’ (for example: ‘referencing is a vital study skill’) If in doubt - reference ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  27. Tips, techniques and useful websites The key message - take a note of any research material, and where it came from: • Use post-it notes, etcto mark key texts • Use bookmarks, reading lists or bespoke software (Evernote, Endnote etc) on the internet • Use sites like Neil’s toolbox, or the ‘internet citation maker’ • If you get stuck, or have to reference an unusual source, use a trusted source on the internet to find out key information (Open University, Leeds University library, UCL resources) • Print out web pages as you go along, so you have a record of your research journey • You will find a way that suits you– I set up a table in word and as hard copy and use this to record my references ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  28. Issues surrounding referencing Potentially awkward things Potentially useful things • Many different referencing styles (Harvard, MLA, etc) • Institutions can have variations on how to present references (house styles) • Within institutions, each lecturer can also have slightly different expectations • The penalties for not referencing correctly can be severe • Be thorough and methodical – correct referencing isn’t difficult, at worst it is a little bit dull • There are many internet guides to referencing. Find one that suits you and use it • Referencing is a great leveller – it provides a paper trail and evidence for your research • It helps you develop academic skills/ thorough promoting good methodology ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  29. References • University for the Creative Arts (2013) What is Academic Integrity?http://community.ucreative.ac.uk/index.cfm?articleid=31155 [accessed 13/10/13] • UCL libraries. 2013. References and plagiarism http://www.ucl.ac.uk/library/References_and_Plagiarism.pdf[accessed 12/10/2013] ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  30. Illustrations • Fig. 1: Magic Book, Picstopin(2013) Magic Book Wallpaper http://www.picstopin.com/1920/magic-book-wallpaper/http:%7C%7Cwww*ilona-andrews*com%7Cwp-content%7Cuploads%7C2011%7C01%7CMagic-Book-Wallpaper*jpg/[accessed 13/10/13] ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  31. Bibliography • Cottrell, S The Study Skills Handbook (2003) 2nd Edition Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan • Interaction Design Foundation (2013) Internet Citation Maker http://www.interaction-design.org/citation-maker/index.html[accessed 12/10/13] • Kirkaldy (2013) Harvard Style Generator http://www.neilstoolbox.com/bibliography-creator/ [accessed 12/10/2013] • Leeds University Library (2013) Harvard Citations http://library.leeds.ac.uk/homepage/91/harvard_citations [ accessed 12/10/13] • Office of the Dean of Students (2012) Read, Write, Pass Wolverhampton University, Wolverhampton University Study Centres • The Open University Library Services (2013) Referencing Styles http://www.open.ac.uk/library/help-and-support/referencing-styles[accessed 10/10/2013 • University for the Creative Arts (2013) What is Academic Integrity?http://community.ucreative.ac.uk/index.cfm?articleid=31155 [accessed 13/10/13] • UCL libraries. 2013. References and plagiarism http://www.ucl.ac.uk/library/References_and_Plagiarism.pdf [accessed 12/10/2013] • UCL Library Service (1999) Discover Library Services (2013) http://www.ucl.ac.uk/Library/ [accessed 12/10/13] ALS/StudyPlus/2013

  32. One way to record your references: Back ALS/StudyPlus/2013

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