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Referencing. Module 2: Information Sessions. Session 1: Finding journal articles using CINAHL and iFindResearch Session 2: Managing your online presence as a health professional Session 3: Referencing Session 4: Finding journal articles using ASSIA Session 5: More referencing!
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Module 2: Information Sessions • Session 1: Finding journal articles using CINAHL and iFindResearch • Session 2: Managing your online presence as a health professional • Session 3: Referencing • Session 4: Finding journal articles using ASSIA • Session 5: More referencing! • Drop in day! – Monday 16th December
Academic Success Programme www.swansea.ac.uk/asp
What does referencing involve? Two main ways of citing information in your writing: • Author’s surname, (year), what the author states or considers. • Summary of author’s findings, views or conclusions, followed by author’s surname and year in brackets.
What does referencing involve? For example: • Brown (2012) claims that a far more effective approach is... • Brown (2012) points out that a far more effective approach is... • A far more effective approach is... (Brown, 1983)
What does referencing involve? • Parry (2013) claims that early intervention in cases of sudden cardiac arrest can increase the chance of patient survival. • Early intervention is necessary to increase the chance of patient survival in cases of sudden cardiac arrest. (Parry, 2013).
Paraphrasing Use paraphrase and summary to acknowledge another author's ideas. You can extract and summarise important points, while at the same time making it clear from whom and where you have got the ideas you are discussing and what your point of view is.
Paraphrasing • A good paraphrase must be: • original • accurate • grammatically correct • referenced properly
Paraphrasing Read the source Make notes of the main points Write in your own words Check against article for accuracy Redraft using appropriate academic style, vocabulary and structure. Cite the source
Paraphrasing Consider: “attempts to measure dignity will not be straightforward.” (Gallagher, 2011) Paraphrase: • It is difficult to measure dignity. (Gallagher, 2011) • According to Gallagher (2011), the measurement of dignity is complex.
Paraphrasing And: “Ruth Macklin (2003) described dignity as a useless concept arguing that autonomy was the more useful and necessary value.” Paraphrase: • Macklin (2003) claims that the term dignity is unhelpful and that it is far better to use a term such as autonomy.
Paraphrasing And: “Ruth Macklin (2003) described dignity as a useless concept arguing that autonomy was the more useful and necessary value.” Paraphrase showing opinion: • The term dignity is unhelpful, it is far better to use a word such as autonomy. (Macklin, 2003)
Direct Quotations “Ruth Macklin (2003) described dignity as a useless concept arguing that autonomy was the more useful and necessary value.” Dignity is “a useless concept” according to Macklin (2003, p.1).
Common queries: Direct quotations Common queries You MUST use page numbers and quotation marks in text if you are directly quoting from the source. Not acknowledging others work is classed as PLAGIARISM! “For a positive healthcare experience, patients and clients must feel that their dignity is upheld and that healthcare professionals...also view dignity as important for patients and as a valuable part of their professional practice” (Matiti & Baillie, 2011, p. 3).
Get involved! Good quality assignments will have good quality references! • Academic book • Nursing Standard article • British Journal of Nursing article • Welsh Government document • Information from Wikipedia • SHN126 reading list • NICE guidelines • Dignity website found using Google
Referencing tips: Take good notes • Once you’ve found stuff to use: books, journal articles, reports, statistics, websites etc. how will you keep track of your material?
Common queries: What information do I need...? It depends on what you are trying to reference but generally: • The Author (s) or Editor (s) • The Title • Place of publication • Publisher • If online the URL
Common queries: Where do I find the information? Look at the resource you are trying to reference For example: A book (look at the reverse title page)
Referencing tips: Follow instruction 2. Follow instructions.... • What style should you use? – APA 6th ed. • APA guides available in Library Support for Health Sciences on Blackboard Book reference: Sharples, K. (2011). Successful practice learning for nursing students (2nd ed.). Exeter: Learning Matters.
Common queries: How are journals different? You still need to include the general details (Author, date etc) , as well as: • Title of Journal • Volume Number • Issue Number • Page numbers • If online include a doi if available If online version is the same as printed version, reference it as a printed journal article
Common queries: Where do I find the information? Look at the resource you are trying to reference For example: A journal article
Journal article reference 2. Follow instructions.... Journal article reference: Matiti, M., & Trorey, G. (2008). Patients' expectations of the maintenance of their dignity. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17(20), 2709-2717. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02365.x
Common queries: How are websites/online documents different? These can be quite tricky! You still need to include the general details (date etc) as well as: • Author or Corporate author • Title • URL • Sometimes date accessed
Common queries: Where do I find the information? Look at the resource you are trying to reference For example: Online document Publisher Date
Online publications reference Common queries Make sure if you include a URL that it works! Online publication Nursing and Midwifery Council. (2008). The code: Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives. Retrieved from http://www.nmc-uk.org/Documents/Standards/The-code-A4-20100406.pdf
Referencing tips: Pay attention to detail 3. Pay attention to detail... • ...teeny, tiny, irritating detail • Everything matters! • Italics • Brackets • Commas, and dots.
Example reference list Baillie, L. (2009). Patient dignity in an acute hospital setting: A case study. International Journal of Nursing Studies,46,23-37. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.08.003 Cottrell, S. (2013). The study skills handbook (4th ed.). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Welsh Assembly Government. (2003). Fundamentals of care: Guidance for health and social care staff: Improving the quality of fundamental aspects of health and social care for adults. Retrieved from http://www.wales.nhs.uk/documents/booklet-e.pdf
Referencing tips: Find something to do it for you 5. Find something to do it for you Reference management software will store and format references for you • EndNote (Swansea Uni sub/Free basic version) • Word reference tab But you still need to check it carefully!
Help is always available! • Come and see us in the Library • healthlib@swansea.ac.uk • 01792 295697 OR Contact Academic Success Programme www.swansea.ac.uk/asp