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Vapour compression cycle

Vapour compression cycle. Refrigerator Air conditioning plant Heat pump. ( “ ENERGY MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK” Sixth Edition, Chapter 8). Refrigerator. Electric-motor-driven vapour compression cycle. Engine-driven vapour compression cycle. Absorption heat pump. Applications of Heat pumps.

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Vapour compression cycle

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  1. Vapour compression cycle • Refrigerator • Air conditioning plant • Heat pump (“ ENERGY MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK” Sixth Edition, Chapter 8)

  2. Refrigerator

  3. Electric-motor-driven vapour compression cycle

  4. Engine-driven vapour compressioncycle

  5. Absorption heat pump

  6. Applications of Heat pumps • space heating; • heating and cooling of process streams; • water heating for washing, sanitation and cleaning; • steam production; • drying/dehumidification; • evaporation; • distillation; • concentration.

  7. Heat pump performance Heat source at 0 C

  8. Typical COP

  9. Heat Transformer Pressure Temperature

  10. Factors affecting heat pump performance • the climate - annual heating and cooling demand and maximum peak loads; • the temperatures of the heat source and heat distribution system; • the auxiliary energy consumption (pumps, fans, supplementary heat for bivalent system etc.); • the technical standard of the heat pump; • the sizing of the heat pump in relation to the heat demand and the operating characteristics of the heat pump; • the heat pump control system.

  11. How heat pumps achieve energy savings and CO2 emissions reduction • Heat pumps and energy saving • An efficient technology • Alarge and worldwide potential

  12. Heat sources

  13. Heat pump working fluids • HFC-134a • R-407C • Natural working fluids

  14. Heat pumps in residential and commercial buildings

  15. Example of how the COP of a water-to-water heat pump varies with the distribution/return temperature.

  16. Fundamental physics for vapor compression cycles

  17. Constant-pressure change from liquid to vapour phase for a pure substance.

  18. Temperature change of substance at constant pressure and constant heat supply

  19. Temperature-volume diagram showing liquid and vapour phases for different constant pressures

  20. Temperature-volume diagram showing liquid and vapour phases

  21. Ideal vapour compression cycle

  22. Relations for the cycle

  23. Ideal cycle 3 2 4 1

  24. Log P vs Enthalpy diagram Constant Entropi Absolute Pressure Saturated liquid Constant Temperature Saturation area Saturated vapour Enthalpy

  25. Coefficient of performance • The coefficient of performance of a refrigeration system is • The coefficient of performance of a heat pump system is

  26. Efficiency of compressor

  27. Sweden - Closed-cycle compression heat pump

  28. Example refrigerator/Heat Pump • An refrigerator has an cooling capacity of 500 W. Evaporator pressure 2 bar(a), Condenser pressure 10 bar(a). An ideal cycle is assumed Determine • Power input to compressor • Heat transfer rate from Condenser

  29. Solution

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