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Napoleonic Wars

1793-1815 Napoleon tried to conquer all of Europe Britain led allies against France U.S. got dragged in. Napoleonic Wars. Jefferson kept the U.S. neutral like the Washington and Adams administrations American Merchants profiting by trade with both France and Britain. Neutrality.

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Napoleonic Wars

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  1. 1793-1815 • Napoleon tried to conquer all of Europe • Britain led allies against France • U.S. got dragged in Napoleonic Wars

  2. Jefferson kept the U.S. neutral like the Washington and Adams administrations • American Merchants profiting by trade with both France and Britain Neutrality

  3. France and Britain threaten to search and seize ships trading with the enemy • Impressment • British sailors often deserted • Poor pay and conditions • British would stop ships and look for deserters and force them to serve in navy • Forced native born Americans too • Still have English accent Neutral Rights Violated

  4. British warship, the Leopard intercepted the Chesapeake • June 1807 off the coast of Virginia • Chesapeake captain refused to allow search • Leopard opened fire • Killed 3, Wounded 18 and crippled the American ship • Americans outraged • Jefferson avoids war Attack on the Chesapeake

  5. December 1807 • Banned trade with European countries • Was a disaster • Britain traded with Latin America for goods • New England trade hurt • Merchants not happy • Repealed March 1809 • Replaced by Nonintercourse Act • Banned trade with France or Britain • Also unsuccessful Embargo Act

  6. Jefferson follows Washington’s precedent • James Madison wins election • Not ideal time to be president • Father of the Constitution 4th President

  7. Governor of the Indiana Territory making treaties with Natives to gain land • William Henry Harrison • Powerful and charismatic Shawnee chief uniting the Native American nations • Tecumseh The Frontier

  8. Harrison concerned about Tecumseh’s success • Decided to strike first (1811) • Battle lasted 2 hours • As a result Tecumseh allied himself with the British Battle of Tippecanoe

  9. Republicans • John C. Calhoun • S. Carolina • Henry Clay • Kentucky • Land Hungry • Canadian land • Florida • Congress quadrupled army’s size War Hawks

  10. Madison asks Congress to declare war • June 1, 1812 • Britain was trying to avoid war, ended search and seizure policy, but too late • Americans still relying on militia • Poorly trained and equipped • Nicknames • “Madison’s War” • “The Forgotten War” • The Second War for Independence” • Video War

  11. Three-pronged attack • Detroit – July 1812 • General William Hull • Americans fearful of Indian cruelty and surrender • Niagara • American forces defeated • Third attack never happened Invasion of Canada

  12. Prezi Battle of Lake Erie

  13. Tecumseh killed • October 5, 1813 • William Henry Harrison • Native Americans will no longer be a problem • Americans burned parliament buildings • York (Toronto) Battle of the Thames

  14. Napoleon loses at Battle of Waterloo • Exiled from the country • With Napoleon out of the way British can focus on U.S. End of Napoleon

  15. The world’s oldest commissioned warship afloat • Wooden ship • USS Constitution vs. HMS Guerriere • August 19, 1812 • Cannon balls bounced off the side of the ship • An American sailor reportedly exclaimed "Huzzah! her sides are made of iron!" • “Old Ironsides” • 42-0 U.S.S. Constitution

  16. Andrew Jackson • “Old Hickory” • March 1814 • Attacked Creeks in MississippiTerritory • Slaughtered more than 550 Creeks • Lost land Battle of Horseshoe Bend

  17. August 1814 • Capitol not well defended • The British sailed into Chesapeake Bay • Overpowered militia • Marched into the city and burned buildings including the president’s mansion • A storm prevented some damage • Video Attack on the Capitol

  18. The British move onto Baltimore • Baltimore was waiting • Barricaded roads, blocked harbor, 13,000 militia • Held back the British attack • Francis Scott Key • Star Spangled Banner Fort McHenry

  19. Naval Battle won by Americans • September 1814 • British decides war is not worth the cost Battle of Lake Champlain

  20. Ghent, Belgium • December 1814 • Peace agreement • Didn't change borders • Impressment was not mentioned Treaty of Ghent

  21. Did not know that Treaty of Ghent had been signed • Still takes about a month for news to travel • January 1815 • Andrew Jackson • Leads Americans to victory, becomes hero • Video Battle of New Orleans

  22. December 1814 • New England Federalists met in Connecticut • Proposed amendments • Seen as unpatriotic • Federalist Party loses respect in American politics Hartford Convention

  23. Arrogant Worms The Battle of New Orleans Who Won?

  24. Neither British nor Americans won the war • Neither gained territory • Although: • Americans get Star Spangled Banner • Revived sense of Nationalism (especially after winning the last major battle) • Manufacturing developed when weren’t getting goods from Europe • Gained respect from other countries Stalemate

  25. Canada • Held off invasions • Nationalism • William Henry Harrison • Gains fame • Uses Tippecanoe as presidential slogan • Andrew Jackson • War hero who later becomes president • Erie, PA • Shipbuilding industry builds the economy and city The real winners of the War

  26. Native Americans • Without Tecumseh will not unite • Federalists • Their lack of support for American cause during the War will lead this party to disappear And the losers

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