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The Growth of the American Labor Movement

The Growth of the American Labor Movement. The Changing American Labor Force. Child Labor. Child Labor. Labor Unrest: 1870-1900. The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: Pinkerton Agents. Management vs. Labor. “Tools” of Management. “Tools” of Labor. “scabs” P. R. campaign Pinkertons

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The Growth of the American Labor Movement

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  1. The Growth of the American Labor Movement

  2. The Changing American Labor Force

  3. Child Labor

  4. Child Labor

  5. Labor Unrest: 1870-1900

  6. The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: PinkertonAgents

  7. Management vs. Labor “Tools” of Management “Tools” of Labor • “scabs” • P. R. campaign • Pinkertons • lockout • blacklisting • yellow-dog contracts • court injunctions • open shop • boycotts • sympathy demonstrations • informational picketing • closed shops • organized strikes • “wildcat” strikes

  8. A Striker Confronts a SCAB!

  9. Knights of Labor Terence V. Powderly An injury to one is the concern of all!

  10. Knights of Labor Knights of Labor trade card

  11. Goals of the Knights of Labor • Eight-hour workday. • Workers’ cooperatives. • Worker-owned factories. • Abolition of child and prison labor. • Increased circulation of greenbacks. • Equal pay for men and women. • Safety codes in the workplace. • Prohibition of contract foreign labor. • Abolition of the National Bank.

  12. The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

  13. The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labor and Monopoly

  14. Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886

  15. Haymarket Riot (1886) McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.

  16. Haymarket Martyrs

  17. The American Federation of Labor: 1886 Samuel Gompers

  18. How the AF of L Would Help the Workers • Catered to the skilled worker. • Represented workers in matters of national legislation. • Maintained a national strike fund. • Evangelized the cause of unionism. • Prevented disputes among the many craft unions. • Mediated disputes between management and labor. • Pushed for closed shops.

  19. Homestead Steel Strike (1892) Homestead Steel Works The Amalgamated Association of Iron & Steel Workers

  20. Big Corporate Profits!

  21. Attempted Assassination! Henry Clay Frick Alexander Berkman

  22. A “CompanyTown”: Pullman, IL

  23. Pullman Cars A Pullman porter

  24. The Pullman Strike of 1894

  25. President Grover Cleveland If it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card will be delivered!

  26. The Pullman Strike of 1894 Government by injunction!

  27. The Socialists Eugene V. Debs

  28. International Workers of the World (“Wobblies”)

  29. “Big Bill” Haywood of theIWW • Violence was justified to overthrow capitalism.

  30. I W W & the Internationale

  31. The Hand That Will Rule the World One Big Union

  32. The “Formula” unions + violence + strikes + socialists + immigrants = anarchists

  33. Labor Union Membership

  34. Workers Benefits Today

  35. The Rise & Decline of Organized Labor

  36. Right-to-Work States Today

  37. Unionism & Globalization?

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