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The Growth of the American Labor Movement

The Growth of the American Labor Movement. Labor Force Distribution 1870-1900. The Changing American Labor Force. Child Labor. Child Labor. “Galley Labor”. Labor Unrest: 1870-1900. The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: Pinkerton Agents. Management vs. Labor. “Tools” of Management.

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The Growth of the American Labor Movement

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  1. The Growth of the American Labor Movement

  2. Labor Force Distribution1870-1900

  3. The Changing American Labor Force

  4. Child Labor

  5. Child Labor

  6. “Galley Labor”

  7. Labor Unrest: 1870-1900

  8. The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: PinkertonAgents

  9. Management vs. Labor “Tools” of Management “Tools” of Labor • “scabs” • P. R. campaign • Pinkertons • lockout • blacklisting • yellow-dog contracts • court injunctions • open shop • boycotts • sympathy demonstrations • informational picketing • closed shops • organized strikes • “wildcat” strikes

  10. A Striker Confronts a SCAB!

  11. The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labor and Monopoly

  12. Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886

  13. 1B & O Railroad 1877 Workers upset about cut in wages Stop working on RR and many shut down throughout the US Federal troops put down strike Haymarket Affair 1886 3,000 meet in Chicago square to protest police brutality toward strikers Bomb tossed on police line & police fire back 7 police officers and 7 workers killed Speakers convicted of inciting riot 4 executed & 1 committed suicide in prison Important Strikes

  14. The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

  15. The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

  16. Haymarket Square

  17. Haymarket Riot (1886) McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.

  18. The American Federation of Labor: 1886 Samuel Gompers

  19. How the AF of L Would Help the Workers • Catered to the skilled worker. • Represented workers in matters of national legislation. • Maintained a national strike fund. • Evangelized the cause of unionism. • Prevented disputes among the many craft unions. • Mediated disputes between management and labor. • Pushed for closed shops.

  20. Homestead Steel Strike (1892) Homestead Steel Works The Amalgamated Association of Iron & Steel Workers

  21. Big Corporate Profits!

  22. The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labor and Monopoly

  23. Journalists try to expose the corrupt practices Known as muckrakers Ida M. Tardell- History of Standard Oil looks at Rockefeller’s practices Upton Sinclair – the Jungle refers to problems in the food industry Muckrakers

  24. Ida Tarbell • Why do you think she is so significant? • 1st time investigative journalism hit the main stream • Has become the foundation of journalism today • She was a women..and in those days…they just didn’t do what she did • Erin Brockavich would be the Ira of our time

  25. Summarize • On the space provided at the bottom of your notes, summarize in your own words what we have just discussed • You have 2 minutes

  26. A “CompanyTown”: Pullman, IL

  27. Pullman Cars A Pullman porter

  28. The Pullman Strike of 1894

  29. Panic of 1893, many Pullman workers fired & others lose wages Strike in spring of 1894 Pullman hires strike breakers Turns violent- federal troops sent in All strikers fired and blacklisted from other jobs Pullman Strike

  30. President Grover Cleveland If it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card will be delivered!

  31. The Pullman Strike of 1894 Government by injunction!

  32. International Workers of the World (“Wobblies”)

  33. “Big Bill” Haywood of theIWW • Violence was justified to overthrow capitalism.

  34. I W W & the Internationale

  35. The Hand That Will Rule the World One Big Union

  36. The “Formula” unions + violence + strikes + socialists + immigrants = anarchists

  37. Labor Union Membership

  38. Pencils Down

  39. “Solidarity Forever!”by Ralph Chapin (1915) When the union's inspiration through the workers‘ blood shall run,There can be no power greater anywhere beneath the sun;Yet what force on earth is weaker than the feeble strength of one,But the union makes us strong! CHORUS:Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,For the union makes us strong!

  40. Come On and Sing Along!!

  41. “Solidarity Forever!” Is there aught we hold in common with the greedy parasite,Who would lash us into serfdom and would crush us with his might?Is there anything left to us but to organize and fight?For the union makes us strong! CHORUS:Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,For the union makes us strong!

  42. “Solidarity Forever!” * * * *Through our sisters and our brothers we can make our union strong,For respect and equal value, we have done without too long.We no longer have to tolerate injustices and wrongs,Yes, the union makes us strong! CHORUS:Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,For the union makes us strong!

  43. Workers Benefits Today

  44. The Rise & Decline of Organized Labor

  45. Right-to-Work States Today

  46. Unionism & Globalization?

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