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UNIFICATION OF ITALY

UNIFICATION OF ITALY. “Italians” dominated the world in history-when was that? The peninsula that is now Italy was home to a rich agricultural economy as well as great cultural traditions

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UNIFICATION OF ITALY

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  1. UNIFICATION OF ITALY • “Italians” dominated the world in history-when was that? • The peninsula that is now Italy was home to a rich agricultural economy as well as great cultural traditions • The Catholic Church continued to exercise a strong influence on the peninsula due to its center of power being located in Rome

  2. AFTER THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA - 1815 • Austria ruled the regions of Lombardy and Venetia • The Spanish ruled Sicily and southern Italy • The Catholic Church ruled central Italy as the Papal States • The King of Sardinia ruled Piedmont, Savoy and Nice (now French)

  3. "Italy is merely a geographical expression.“ O U C H Prince Metternich of Austria

  4. UNIFICATION MADE SENSE BECAUSE • Geography • Common language • Common history • Glories of Ancient Rome • Trade barriers would be dropped which would increase the economy

  5. Aka the “Soul” 1831- “Young Italy” Secret Society to create a united Italy Favored a republic and democratic government “Ideas grow quickly when watered by the blood of martyrs.” Guiseppe Mazzini

  6. Count Camillo Cavour • Aka “The Brains” • Aka “The Pen.” Why you may ask? Because he started a newspaper called “Il Risorgimento” (means “revival”) that promoted a pro-unification viewpoint in the 1840’s and 1850’s • Favored a unified Italy under the King of Sardinia, Victor Emmanuel II (was his Prime Minister)

  7. Guiseppe GaribaldiAKA THE “SWORD”

  8. Formed the Red Shirts, armed brigades to drive out foreign rulers and unite all of Italy Follower of Mazzini’s “Young Italy” but…joined Cavour to give King Victor Emmanuel II power in the new nation (most important-A UNITED ITALY!) Garibaldi and the Red Shirts

  9. Italy Continues to Grow • By the end of 1861, Sicily and the southern Italian states were added to the Kingdom of Italy. • 1866 - Italy adds Venetia in the northeast after the Austro-Prussian war is won by the Prussians (Italy’s ally) In 1861, Victor Emmanuel II is crowned the King of Italy

  10. CHALLENGES OF THE NEW NATION • Few felt any tie to the new nation • Regional divisions existed, especially between the north and south • North was urban and rich due to centuries of business and trade • South was rural and poor. People were illiterate and remained farmers

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