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The Valley of Oaxaca

The Valley of Oaxaca. ANTH 221: Peoples and Cultures of Mexico Kimberly Martin, Ph.D. Oaxaca Three Valleys Configuration. PreClassic 2500 – 200 BCE. PreClassic 2500-200 BCE San Jose El Mogote Monte Alban Dainzu Mitla. San Jose El Mogote. 1500 – 500 BCE

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The Valley of Oaxaca

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  1. The Valley of Oaxaca ANTH 221: Peoples and Cultures of Mexico Kimberly Martin, Ph.D.

  2. Oaxaca Three Valleys Configuration

  3. PreClassic 2500 – 200 BCE • PreClassic 2500-200 BCE • San Jose El Mogote • Monte Alban • Dainzu • Mitla

  4. San Jose El Mogote • 1500 – 500 BCE • Oldest permanent agricultural village in Oaxaca • Largest and probably most powerful village in the Valleys of Oaxaca for 1000 years • Population of about 1000 at its peak • Earliest pottery in the area • Adobe, then stone construction • Defensive walls • Ceremonial buildings (1300BCE) • Terracing • Irrigation • Hierglyphic writing • Craft Specialization

  5. San Jose El Mogote

  6. San Jose El Mogote

  7. San Jose El Mogote

  8. San Jose El Mogote

  9. San Jose El Mogote

  10. Monte Alban • Probably Zapotec indigenous population • Preclassic • Monte Alban I 500-200 BCE • Building of the Danzantes • Classic • Monte Alban II & III 200BCE – 800 CE • Postclassic • Monte Alban IV & V 900 CE – 1519 CE • Dainzu • Mitla

  11. The Three Valleys of Oaxaca

  12. Monte Alban and the City

  13. Monte Alban Terracing

  14. Monte Alban Site Overview

  15. Monte Alban Site Plan

  16. Monte Alban North Platform, Palace Complex and Tombs

  17. Monte Alban I Monte Alban North Plaza and Pyramid

  18. Front of the North Platform

  19. Monte Alban Main Plaza

  20. Monte Alban South Plaza and Platform

  21. Los Danzantes

  22. Danzantes

  23. Danzantes

  24. Monte Alban Ballcourt

  25. Dainzu = Post Classic

  26. View from Cerro at Dainzu

  27. Dainzu View from Building A

  28. Dainzu Site Plan

  29. Dainzu

  30. DainzuBallcourt

  31. Dainzu Carvings

  32. Mitla • Mixtec and Zapotec influences • One of several powerful “city states” in the region. • Mosiac stone work instead of carvings

  33. Mitla Ruins in Back of the Church

  34. Mitla Stonework

  35. Lower Plaza

  36. Unexcavated Hill at Zaachila

  37. Zaachila Tomb Site

  38. Zaachila Tomb

  39. Zaachila Butterfly Tomb Carving

  40. Phallus Figure and Five Flowers

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