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Chapter 7 Section 3 Greek Culture. The Olympics. Athletic competition between Greek city-states originated in 776 B.C. and was held regularly until A.D. 393. The Olympics. If the city-states were at war they declared a truce to attend the Olympics.
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The Olympics • Athletic competition between Greek city-states originated in 776 B.C. and was held regularly until A.D. 393.
The Olympics • If the city-states were at war they declared a truce to attend the Olympics. • Was a celebration to honor the Greek god Zeus.
The Olympics • There were running races, javelin-throwing, and horse races. • Competitors in the events often competed with no clothes on.
The Olympics • A popular event was the “Pancratium” which was a combined boxing and wrestling match.
Mythology and Religion • The Greeks worshipped many different gods therefore they were polytheistic.
Mythology and Religion • Greeks believed that their gods interfered in the lives of humans. So they offered hymns, prayers, and sacrifices to their gods.
Shrines • Special sites where Greeks believed the gods lived
Oracles • Prophesies, or predictions of the future • Many Greeks paid fees in order to have a priest or priestess tell them their future.
Greek Architecture • In the mid-400s B.C., the Athenian ruler Pericles (PEHR ih kleez) decided to repair the damage done to the city during the wars with Persia.
Greek Architecture • The great artist Phidias (FIHD ee uhs) supervised the design and construction of several new buildings in Athens.
The Parthenon • Most famous temple in Athens dedicated to the goddess of the city, Athena.
The Parthenon • Built of white marble with rows of tall columns, it is a prime example of Greek architecture.
Greek Drama • The earliest plays began as dances and songs performed every year at a festival honoring the Greek god Dionysus.
Tragedies • Greek plays with a serious stories involving men and women who met disastrous ends.
Comedies • Light hearted plays that poked fun at aristocrats and gods.
Amphitheater • A round stage set at the base of a hill surrounded by rows of benches and seats.
Greek Drama • Greek actors performed in Amphitheaters wearing mask that highlighted the features of the character they were portraying.
Greek Art • In contrast to other art of ancient civilizations, Greek artist strived to capture realistic depictions of people in their sculptures and paintings.
Greek Science and Math • The ancient Greece established several scientific principles that are in use still today.
Hippocrates (hih PAHK ruh teez) • Greek physician that attempted to explain illnesses by natural causes rather than supernatural forces.
Hippocrates (hih PAHK ruh teez) • He was the first to begin keeping careful records of illnesses and treatments and thus began the scientific practice of medicine.
Pythagoras (pih THAG ur uhs) • Greek mathematician who originated many mathematical theories that are still used today.
Greek Philosophy Philosophy • Thinking about and studying human behavior and morals. • Comes from the Greek Word for “love and wisdom”
Socrates (SAHK ruh teez) • Famous Greek philosopher who questioned people’s duty in city-states and the need for laws.
Plato (PLAY toe) • Student of Socrates who opened a school of philosophy • Plato pondered the nature of love, courage, and goodness.
Aristotle • A student of Plato that wrote books about art, physics, astronomy, weather, and biology.
