The Cold War 1945-1991

1. The Cold War1945-1991

2. World War II • Allies- United States, Soviet Union (Russia), Great Britain, France. • Axis- Germany, Italy, Japan. • If Soviet Union are communist , then why were they allies with the United States during WWII?!......

3. Continue of WWII… • One Word… FORCED!! • In 1939 Soviet Union and Germany signed a Non-Aggression Pact. Hitler violated this pact in 1941 when he surprised Stalin and attacked the Soviet Union.. Stalin was NOT happy. Obviously the Soviet Union was forced to join the allies in WWII.

4. What was the Cold War? • A state of political tension and military rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States • The two countries are fighting over “ideological differences”- communism verses democracy • Tension because the two countries never fight a “full-scale war”

5. In other words…. Superpowers compete for influence around the world! Democracy vs. Communism West vs. East Good vs. Evil

6. I thought the Soviets were America’s ally in WWII? How did they become our enemy in the Cold War? • Wasn’t it the Soviets who took out Berlin ending WWII?

7. Stalin’s army stayed in Eastern Europe after WWII!

8. After WWII, Stalin starts to take over countries in Europe • Western Europe rebuilds establishing Democracies! • Stalin makes sure Eastern European countries have “communist” styled governments.

10. Tensions in Berlin, Germany After WWII, Germany was divided into 4 zones (Berlin, too) - in 1948, Allies want to reunite Germany but Soviets refuse!

11. Berlin • In June of 1948, the Allies formed West Germany; Communist half is East Germany - unfortunately, this angers Stalin so he cuts off all of Berlin from the world.

12. Berlin Airlift • Berlin Airlift President Truman orders daily airlifts to fly food, fuel, and other supplies into West Berlin - after a year Stalin ends blockade!

13. Why was the Berlin Wall built? • In the 13 years that followed the East/West division of Germany & Berlin, 3 million East Germans fled West Berlin • This angered the Soviets - so in August of 1961 a concrete and barbed wire wall was constructed across Berlin to keep West Berliners from 'escaping' - those attempting to flee risked being shot

14. BERLIN WALL

15. 1949- How Shocking

16. In September 1949 the Soviets develop the atomic bomb

17. In October, 1949- Mao Zedong, a Communist, has taken over China - now the Soviet Union & China are both Communist and control a quarter of the earth's surface. We will Rule the world!

18. The communist are winning!

19. North Korea is also communist! Oh No!! • Remember Japan had taken over Korea in the 1930s. • After WWII Japan lost all their territories • Like Germany, Korea was divided into two zones, and re-occupied by foreign troops • North Korea- occupied by Soviet Troops- “Communist” • South Korea- occupied by U.S. Troops. • North Korea is Communist! Oh No! • South Korea is Democratic!

20. Now a competition in Space! • The Soviets and the U.S. race to build up the most missiles & best space programs as a show of strength.

21. Race to build the most & best atomic weapons!

22. 20 Million killed during Stalin’s rule! Katyn Massacre