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Atoms and Isotopes: Understanding Mass and Atomic Number

Learn about the structure of atoms, the concept of isotopes, and the relationship between mass number and atomic number. Explore the plum pudding model and Rutherford's discovery of the nucleus.

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Atoms and Isotopes: Understanding Mass and Atomic Number

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  1. Bell Work Title: Atoms and isotopes Date: D

  2. Lesson Sequence Key Words; Isotope, mass number, atomic number

  3. Lesson Objectives

  4. The atom How many protons has lithium got? How many electrons has lithium got? How many neutrons has lithium got? Why is the mass number of lithium 7? Why does an atom have a neutral charge?

  5. Mass and atomic number The atomic mass number (A) is the number of protons and neutrons The atomic number (Z) is the number of protons

  6. What do we all have in common?

  7. What is an isotope? Isotopes: They are the same element but have a different number of neutrons

  8. Which of these atoms are isotopes of the same element? Why?

  9. Spinners A. What particles are found in the nucleus? B. Which two atoms are isotopes? How do you know? D. Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties? C. What element is M?

  10. Investigating the atom

  11. The plum pudding model The plum pudding model was an early model of the atom before the nucleus was discovered. The pudding represented the positive charge evenly spread, with the electrons being the plums.

  12. Scientific models If you kicked a football at an empty goal and the ball bounced back to you, what would you conclude?

  13. Rutherford’s investigation

  14. The discovery of the nucleus Discovered by Ernest Rutherford by firing alpha particles (positive) at gold foil. He noticed that about 1 in 10,000 were deflected back towards him.

  15. Rutherford and the discovery of the nucleus Match the observation to the conclusion made What did scientists think that the ‘pudding’ part of the atom was? What was the charge of the particles used? Describe the differences between the two models of the atom.

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