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Civil War Politics and Confederate Surrender

Civil War Politics and Confederate Surrender. Northern Politics. Northern Democrats divided War Democrats support war, oppose ending slavery Peace Democrats want to negotiate, not fight a.k.a. Copperheads. Conscription. Began in summer 1862 All Democrats opposed conscription

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Civil War Politics and Confederate Surrender

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  1. Civil War PoliticsandConfederate Surrender

  2. Northern Politics • Northern Democrats divided • War Democrats support war, oppose ending slavery • Peace Democrats want to negotiate, not fight • a.k.a. Copperheads

  3. Conscription • Began in summer 1862 • All Democrats opposed conscription • Conscription = forcing people into military service (DRAFT) • To enforce draft, Lincoln suspended habeas corpus • Habeas Corpus = person’s right not to be imprisoned unless charged with a crime & given a trial

  4. Maryland • Lincoln needed a route between Washington D.C. and the rest of the Union • Worried Maryland may secede & prevent this • April 19 – 20,000 Confederate sympathizers in Maryland riot against Union troops • April 27 – Lincoln suspends habeus corpus

  5. Emancipation Proclamation • Most Republicans were abolitionists, but feared losing border states • Sept. 22, 1862 after Union victory at Antietam • Decree to free all enslaved persons in states still in rebellion after Jan. 1, 1863 • Civil War = War of Liberation

  6. Gettysburg Address • Battle was a turning point • Strengthened Republican party • Ensured Britain would not recognize Confederacy • November 1863, Lincoln dedicated part of the battlefield as a military cemetery

  7. Gettysburg Address

  8. Election of 1864 • Democrats nominate Gen. George McClellan • Promised to stop war and negotiate with CSA • Republicans gained support after Union capture of Atlanta • Lincoln won 55% popular vote

  9. Lincoln’s Mandate • Interpreted reelection as a mandate, or clear sign from voters, to permanently end slavery • January 31, 1865 – Thirteenth Amendment • Banned slavery in the United States

  10. Surrender • April 1, 1865 – last rail line into Petersburg cut • Lee tried to escape Grant • Blocked at Appomattox Courthouse • Surrendered on April 9, 1865 • Grant promised not to prosecute for treason

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