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Revolutionary War

Revolutionary War. Early Defeats. -British capture all major colonial cities New York Philadelphia Boston Charleston -Washington’s army in retreat and many desert *why fight a losing battle?. Patriot Victories. -a few victories helped keep morale up First American Victory:

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Revolutionary War

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  1. Revolutionary War

  2. Early Defeats -British capture all major colonial cities New York Philadelphia Boston Charleston -Washington’s army in retreat and many desert *why fight a losing battle?

  3. Patriot Victories • -a few victories helped keep morale up • First American Victory: • -Dec. 1776 at Trenton • G.W. & men cross the frozen Delaware River on Christmas night • Battle lasted 1 hour, 1,000 Pow • -Jan. 1777 at Princeton • -General Howe= backup for G.W. • -Battle is over, Battle GB in Princeton- Driving them out of NJ for good

  4. Did you Know? The U.S. Navy was created during the American Revolution?

  5. -large British force defeated at SaratogaOct. 1777 -Surrounded by Americans -kept British near the coastline= Good place to have them -Surrendered but only 1/25 -helped colonists get French help in the war effort 1. Winning= support 2. Don’t like the British -turning point of the war- American Independence was Assured Turning Point

  6. Valley Forge -camp site of Washington’s army during winter of 1777-78. -British forces occupied nearby cities -many soldiers died of cold and starvation *2,500 out of 10,000 -Congress struggled to gain supplies for the army -lack of central gov’t- main authority

  7. Civilian Life -inflation: High prices for goods -shortage of goods because of no central Gov’t & they are boycotting British Goods -women took over the work of men, some had 3 jobs -some women helped the military effort “Molly Pitcher” -Folklore of Betsy Ross

  8. Foreign Help • -foreign military leaders offered professional training for the army • -Friedrich von Steuben • Prussian officer who trained patriot soldiers • Taught soldiers most modern Prussian methods of organization and tactics • -Marquis de Lafayette • led volunteer army from France • -G.W. at Valley Forge • -Really helped with F getting involved

  9. Southern Campaign -British strategy changed to splitting the colonies -Charleston captured by Cornwallis (he fought for the British Side) - Close enough to set city on fire: surrenederd -Kings Mtn Patriot Victory in NC “Over mountain men” -Cowpens Patriot Victory Entire British Force= Captured

  10. War’s End -Guilford Courthouse NC *costly British victory: losses too much to bear for Cornwallis * Nathaniel Greene -retreat to Yorktown VA -surrounded by French and Americans -Cornwallis surrenders Oct, 1781 *2nd Time British Surrender in AMerica

  11. Treaty of Paris -Treaty of Paris 1783 1. Officially ended American Revolution 2. recognized U.S. independence (Mississippi to Florida) -set boundaries to the Mississippi 3. America will respect property of Loyalist & allow British merchants to collect debts -some provisions of the treaty will lead to trouble later

  12. Symbol to the World -liberty -freedom -equality -opportunity -belief in a greater cause -set a precedent for the American future *Next Up: Writing a New Gov’t for the newly independent Colonies- Articles of Confederation

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