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Heritability of Pinyon Pine Stomata

Heritability of Pinyon Pine Stomata. By: Tara Llewellyn and Dr. Amy Whipple Northern Arizona University. Brief Overview. Introduction - Background Information - Hypothesis Methods and Materials - Cone collection and genetic testing

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Heritability of Pinyon Pine Stomata

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  1. Heritability of Pinyon Pine Stomata By: Tara Llewellyn and Dr. Amy Whipple Northern Arizona University

  2. Brief Overview • Introduction - Background Information - Hypothesis • Methods and Materials - Cone collection and genetic testing - Visionary Digital BK-Plus Imaging System - Image J program • Results • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • Climate change – limits already scarce water resources. • Natural selection – to create new populations. • Heritability - variation in a particular trait that can be attributed to inherited genetic factors.

  4. Pinyon Pine trees may adjust by altering their stomata traits. CO2 H2O

  5. Hypothesis • There will be a correlation between the offspring's and their parent’s stomata measurements. • A significant relationship between the trait of the parents and the offspring suggest the trait is heritable. • If the trait is heritable it can evolve in response to natural selection for increased water use efficiency under climate change.

  6. Methods and Materials • Cones were collected to determine the mother and genetic testing was done to determine the father. • After the parents were identified, samples of needles were collected to be used for the Visionary Digital Imaging System. *Picture from Visionary Digital Inc.

  7. Example 1:

  8. Example 2:

  9. Image J • To measure the average stomata area, a computer program was used. • Image J is a free Java-based image processing program. • Each image was cropped and then analyzed.

  10. Results • Equation of the line: y = 0.39x+104 • P value = 0.0031

  11. Conclusion • We conclude that stomata traits such as surface area are heritable and that these traits are expected to evolve from natural selection.

  12. Acknowledgements: • The Arizona Space Grant Consortium • Nadine Barlow and Kathleen Stigmon • Dr. Amy Whipple • The Pinyon Pine Research Group • Neil Cobb and the Biology Department

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