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Spanish Speaking Countries of South America

Spanish Speaking Countries of South America. Venezuela Colombia Ecuador Peru Bolivia. Paraguay Uruguay Argentina Chile. Los Países. Venezuela. Formal Name- República Bolivariana de Venezuela slightly more than twice the size of California Capital—Caracas

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Spanish Speaking Countries of South America

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  1. Spanish Speaking Countries of South America

  2. Venezuela Colombia Ecuador Peru Bolivia Paraguay Uruguay Argentina Chile Los Países

  3. Venezuela • Formal Name- República Bolivariana de Venezuela • slightly more than twice the size of California • Capital—Caracas • Location--Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, between Colombia and Guyana

  4. Climate- tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands Terrain- Andes Mountains and Maracaibo Lowlands in northwest; central plains (llanos); Guiana Highlands in southeast Natural resources- petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, hydropower, diamonds Natural Hazards- subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts Los Hechos

  5. Population- 26,414,815 Nationality- Venezuelan Ethnic Groups- Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Arab, German, African, indigenous people Religion- nominally Roman Catholic 96%, Protestant 2%, other 2% Languages- Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects Mas Hechos

  6. 23 states (estados, singular - estado), 1 capital district* (distrito capital), and 1 federal dependency** (dependencia federal); • Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolivar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Dependencias Federales**, Distrito Federal*, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Vargas, Yaracuy, Zulia • note: the federal dependency consists of 11 federally controlled island groups with a total of 72 individual islands

  7. La BanderaAdopted March 13, 2006 The Venezuela flag, with yellow, blue & red stripes of equal width, was introduced in 1836 and has since undergone several modifications in the arms and the arrangement of the stars.  The seven stars represent the seven provinces that began the fight for independence. In 2006, the 8th star was added to honor Simon Bolivar.  The emblems on the arms symbolize the unity of the 20 provinces (a wheatsheaf with 20 ears), the struggle for independence (flags and weapons) and liberty (a running horse) which is running toward the left of the shield in order to symbolize twenty-first century socialism.  The cornucopias stand for the country's wealth and prosperity, and the wreath of laurel and palm is a symbol of glory and peace.

  8. El Gobierno • Government- • federal republic • Independence- • 5 July 1811 (from Spain) • National Holiday- • Independence Day, 5 July (1811) • Constitution Day- • 30 December 1999

  9. El Presidente • Elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); • Election last held 3 December 2006 (next to be held in December 2012) • In 1999, a National Constituent Assembly drafted a new constitution that increased the presidential term to six years President Hugo CHAVEZ Frias (since 3 February 1999)

  10. Per Capita Income- $12,800 Population Below Poverty- 37.9% Currency- bolivar (VEB) Exchange- bolivares per US dollar - 2,147 El Dinero

  11. Unleaded Gas is $0.49 per gallon • Venezuela remains highly dependent on oil revenues, which account for roughly 90% of export earnings.

  12. Colombia • slightly less than twice the size of Texas • Capital- Bogotá • Location- • Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama

  13. Climate- tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands Terrain- flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains Natural resources- petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower Natural Hazards- highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts Los Hechos

  14. Population- 45,013,674 Nationality- Colombian Ethnic Groups- mestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Amerindian 3%, Amerindian 1% Religion- Roman Catholic 90%, other 10% Language- Spanish Mas Hechos

  15. 32 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital district* (distrito capital); • Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlantico, Bogota*, Bolivar, Boyaca, Caldas, Caqueta, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Choco, Cordoba, Cundinamarca, Guainia, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Narino, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindio, Risaralda, San Andres y Providencia, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupes, Vichada • note: the federal dependency consists of 11 federally controlled island groups with a total of 72 individual islands

  16. La Bandera26 November 1861 The symbolism of the Colombian flag colors are as follows: The Yellow, for the sun and land of the people. The Blue, for the water that holds up the people and finally, the red, for the blood shed of the people who fought for the independence of Colombia.

  17. El Gobierno • Government- • republic; executive branch dominates government structure • Independence- • 20 July 1810 (from Spain) • Constitution Day- • 5 July 1991

  18. El Presidente • President and vice president elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term). • Election last held 28 May 2010 President Juan Manuel SANTOS Calderon (since 7 August 2010

  19. Per Capita Income- $7,200 Population Below Poverty- 49.2% (2005) Currency- Colombian peso (COP) Exchange- Colombian pesos per US dollar - 2,013.8 (2007), El Dinero

  20. Ecuador • slightly smaller than Nevada • Capital- Quito • Location- • Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru

  21. Climate- tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands Terrain- coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente) Natural resources- petroleum, fish, timber, hydropower Natural Hazards- frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts Los Hechos

  22. Population- 13,927,650 (July 2008 est.) Nationality- Ecuadorian Ethnic Groups- mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 65%, Amerindian 25%, Spanish and others 7%, black 3% Religion- Roman Catholic 95%, other 5% Language- Spanish (official), Amerindian languages (especially Quechua) Mas Hechos

  23. 24 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) • Azuay, Bolivar, Canar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Galapagos, Guayas, Imbabura, Loja, Los Rios, Manabi, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Pichincha, Santa Elena, Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Sucumbios, Tungurahua, Zamora-Chinchipe

  24. La BanderaSeptember 26, 1860 The red in the Ecuador flag represents the blood shed by the soldiers and martyrs in the battles for independence. The color blue stands for the color of the sea and sky. The yellow symbolizes the abundance and fertility of the nation's crops and land.

  25. El Gobierno • Government- • Republic • Independence- • 24 May 1822 (from Spain) • National Holiday- • Independence Day (independence of Quito), 10 August (1809) • Constitution Day- • 10 August 1998

  26. El Presidente • President and vice president are elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a four-year term • Election last held 15 October 2006 with a runoff election on 26 November 2006 President Rafael CORREA Delgado (Since 2007)

  27. Per Capita Income- $7,100 (2007 est.) Population Below Poverty- 38.3% (2006) Currency- US dollar (USD) El Dinero

  28. Peru • slightly smaller than Alaska • Capital- Lima • Location- • Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador

  29. Climate- varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes Terrain- western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva) Natural resources- copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas Natural Hazards- earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity Los Hechos

  30. Population- 29,180,899 (July 2008 est.) Nationality- Peruvian Ethnic Groups- Amerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3% Religion- Roman Catholic 81%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.4%, other Christian 0.7%, other 0.6%, unspecified or none 16.3% (2003 est.) Language- Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara, and a large number of minor Amazonian languages Mas Hechos

  31. 25 regions (regiones, singular - region) and 1 province* (provincia) • Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Lima*, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali

  32. La BanderaFebruary 25, 1825 The red stripes represent the blood spilt for Peruvian freedom; while the white stands for peace. Peru also has a state flag which incorporates the shield from the national coat of arms in the middle of the flag.

  33. El Gobierno • Government- • constitutional republic • Independence- • 28 July 1821 (from Spain) • Constitution Day- • 29 December 1993 A laurel branch on its left and an olive one on its right, tied by a red and white ribbon, as well as a holm oakCivic Crown above it. These represent victory and glory.

  34. El Presidente • President elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a nonconsecutive reelection) • Presidential and congressional elections held 9 April 2006 with runoff election held 4 June 2006; next to be held in April 2011 President Ollanta HUMALA Tasso (since 28 July 2011)

  35. Per Capita Income- $7,600 (2007 est.) Population Below Poverty- 44.5% (2006) Currency- nuevo sol (PEN) Exchange- nuevo sol per US dollar - 3.1731 (2007) El Dinero

  36. Bolivia • slightly less than three times the size of Montana • Capital- La Paz • Location- • Central South America, southwest of Brazil

  37. Climate- varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid Terrain- rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin Natural resources- tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber, hydropower Natural Hazards- flooding in the northeast (March-April) Los Hechos

  38. Population- 9,247,816 (July 2008 est.) Nationality- Bolivian Ethnic Groups- Quechua 30%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry) 30%, Aymara 25%, white 15% Religion- Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist) 5% Language- Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara (official) Mas Hechos

  39. 9 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) • Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa Cruz, Tarija

  40. La BanderaOct. 31, 1851 The red on the Bolivian flag represents the bravery of the Bolivian soldier. The green symbolizes the fertility of the land and the yellow represents the country's mineral resources.A central crest surrounded by Bolivian flags, muskets, laurel branches, and has an Andean condor on top.

  41. El Gobierno • Government- • republic • Independence- • 6 August 1825 (from Spain) • Constitution Day- • 2 February 1967; revised in August 1994; possible referendum on new constitution to be held in 2008 A central crest surrounded by Bolivian flags, muskets, laurel branches, and has an Andean condor on top.

  42. El Presidente • President and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a single five-year term. • Election last held 18 December 2005 President Juan Evo MORALES Ayma (since 22 January 2006)

  43. Per Capita Income- $4,400 (2007 est.) Population Below Poverty- 60% (2006 est.) Currency- boliviano (BOB) Exchange- bolivianos per US dollar - 7.8616 (2007) El Dinero

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