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Desert biomes

Desert biomes. J Cho Alex M. Max the Man Meehan. Hot and Dry (Temp.). The temperatures in the hot and dry deserts are extreme because of the lack of humidity Humidity- air which contains high amounts of water vapor Without humidity there is a lack of protection from the suns ray

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Desert biomes

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  1. Desert biomes J Cho Alex M. Max the Man Meehan

  2. Hot and Dry (Temp.) • The temperatures in the hot and dry deserts are extreme because of the lack of humidity • Humidity- air which contains high amounts of water vapor • Without humidity there is a lack of protection from the suns ray • Average temp. ranges from 20-25 degrees Celsius • Extreme high temp. ranges from 43.5- 49 degrees Celsius • Min. Temp. can drop to 18 degrees below zero Celsius

  3. Hot and Dry (Rainfall) • Rainfall is usually limited and only in short bursts in between long periods of time • Rainfall depends on regional location • Ex. Rainfall in Chile is less than 1.5 cm, while deserts in the US it averages up to 28 cm

  4. Hot and Dry (Rainfall Cont.) • Evaporation rates often exceed rainfall rates • Fun Fact: once in a while rainfall can sometimes evaporate before reaching the ground Yuma desert valley

  5. Hot and Dry (Vegetation) • Plants are mainly ground-hugging shrubs and short woody trees. • Leaves have water-conserving characteristics. They tend to be small, thick and covered with a thick cuticle (outer layer). • These plants include: yuccas, ocotillo, turpentine bush, prickly pears, false mesquite, sotol, ephedras, agaves and brittlebush.

  6. Hot and Dry (Organisms) • The animals include small nocturnal (active at night) carnivores. • The dominant animals are burrowers and kangaroo rats. • There are also insects, arachnids, reptiles and birds. • The animals stay inactive in protected hideaways during the hot day and come out to hunt at dusk, dawn or at night, when the desert is cooler.

  7. Hot and Dry (Food Chains) • Hawk • Rattlesnake • Jack Rabbit • Ground Hugging Shrubs

  8. Semi- Arid (Temp/ Rainfall) • This helps with the condensation of dew in the night, which can exceed the moisture some deserts get from rainfall • Average Rainfall 2-4 cm annually • Avg. Temp. 21- 27 degrees Celsius • The temp. rarely gets above 38 degrees Celsius and rarely gets below 10 degrees Celsius

  9. Semi- Arid (Vegetation) • Spiny nature plants in order to reduce transpiration: Silvery Glossy leaves • Ex. Creosote Bush, Bur Sage, white Thorn, Cat Claw, Mesquite, Brittle bush, Lyceums, and jujube

  10. Semi-Arid( Animals) • Protection in underground burrows where they are insulated from heat and aridity • Ex. Kangaroo rates, rabbits, skunks, grasshoppers, ants, lizards, snakes, burrowing owls, California thrasher

  11. Semi- Arid(Food Chains • Snakes • Kangaroo rat • Grasshopper • Forbs

  12. Coastal desert (Temp/ Rainfall) • Avg. Temp: 13- 24 degrees Celsius • Winter: 5 degrees Celsius or below • Max: 35 degrees Celsius • Min: -4 degrees Celsius • Rainfall: 8- 13 cm • Max: 37 cm • Min: 5 cm

  13. Coastal Desert (Vegetation) • They grow in fine textured soil with moderate salt content • Extensive root systems sloe to the surface • Have thickly fleshy leaves or stems to take in available water • Ex: salt bush, buckwheat bush, black bush, rice grass, and black sage

  14. Coastal Desert (Animals) • Specialized adaptations for dealing with heat and lack of rain • Ex: Coyote, badger, toads, great horned owl, golden eagle, bald eagle, lizards, snakes

  15. Coastal Desert (Food Chains) • Eagles • Snakes • Lizards • Insects • Black sage

  16. Cold Desert (Temp/ Rainfall) Temperature Rainfall Avg. annual precipitation is 15- 26 cm Max: 46 cm Min: 9 cm • Cold winters with high snowfall and high overall rainfall • Short moist and moderately warm summers with fairly long and cold winters • Winter: -2 to 4 degrees Celsius • Summer: 21- 26 degrees Celsius

  17. Cold Deserts (Vegetation) • Widely scattered • 10 percent of the ground is covered with plants • The areas of sage bush goes up to 85 percent • Heights vary between 15- 122 cm • Most are deciduous

  18. Cold Deserts (Animals) • Widely distributed • Ex: jackrabbits, kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, pocket mice, grasshopper mice, antelope, and ground squirrels

  19. Cold Deserts (Food Chains) • Killer Whale • Seals • Small fishes • phytoplankton

  20. Chaparral Biome • Chaparrals exist in a mid latitude climate and lie in a belt of prevailing westerly winds

  21. Chaparral Biomes ( Temp/ Rainfall) Temperature Rainfall 10- 17 inches annually Because of the hot and dry summer only hard leaved plants survive and many have adapted to have hairy leaves to collect moisture • Hot and dry • Winter- mild 10 degrees Celsius • Summer- hot and dry up to 40 degrees Celsius (fires and droughts are common)

  22. Chaparral (Vegetation) • Have adapted to the fires by allowing their seeds to remain dormant until a fire occurs to crack the outer shell so that the plant may begin sprouting • Ex. Blue Oak, Coyote Brush, Common Sagebrush, Fairy duster, French boom, King protea, Lebanon, Cedar, Manzanita, Mountain Mahogany, Salt marsh Bird’s Beak, Olive tree, Torrey Pine

  23. Chaparral (Animals) • Ex: Aardwolf, Black tailed Jackrabbit, Cactus Wren, Golden Jackal, Grey fox, Island Grey fox, Puma, San Joachim kit fox, Spotted skunk, wild goat

  24. Chaparral (Food Web) • Pumas • Aardwolf • Termites • Cacti

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