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Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Methods. Roger Pulwarty, NOAA and Mary Hayden, University of Colorado WAS*IS/Climate and Health July 20, 2006. Points to ponder: What’s quantitative? What’s qualitative? Who uses these approaches, why and what do they think of each other? .

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Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

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  1. Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Methods Roger Pulwarty, NOAA and Mary Hayden, University of Colorado WAS*IS/Climate and Health July 20, 2006

  2. Points to ponder: What’s quantitative? What’s qualitative? Who uses these approaches, why and what do they think of each other? What constitutes: Accepted scientific methods? Acceptable evidence? Decision analysis vs. decision-making?

  3. But, what do you want to achieve? Papers, understanding, recognition, rectitude, $? Multi-disciplinarity? Realistic potential for providing usable assistance to public and private decision-making? Other?

  4. Interdisciplinarity: Framing Problem-oriented Multi-method Contextual Reflective

  5. Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

  6. The problem of integration: Diverse data: quantitative and qualitative reliability, appropriateness, adequacy Diverse models: quantitative and qualitative

  7. Usual approaches to integration: Turn qualitative data into quantitative data (Bayesian, etc.) (Delphi experiments?) Use quantitative data in qualitative ways What are the benefits and limitations of these approaches? Data may be converted in qualitative messages. See How to lie with statistics (Huff 1962)

  8. Effective information integration and use: Why context matters (and what does it mean)?

  9. Fotonovelas • Focus groups and interviews were employed in 2005 and 2006 • Assess efficacy of existing educational materials • Develop attractive, pictorial-based material for farm workers and others, focused on repellent use

  10. Fotonovelas, cont. • Interviews focused on • Information needs • Clarity of the materials • Respondents’ doubts/questions and experience with repellent use • Participants were asked to describe, comment on, and critique each segment of the brochure. Field testing was repeated after each iteration incorporating participant suggestions from interviews/group discussions.

  11. Poster

  12. Interdisciplinarity: Different cultures and frames of reference Method and operational objectives within and between disciplines “Languages” within disciplines and between disciplines and the public Personal challenges related to gaining trust and respect of others working in different disciplines and fields Institutional impediments related to incentives, funding,m disciplinary priorities vs interdisciplinary work Professional impediments related to hiring, promotion, status, and recognition

  13. Why not just use quantitative data/model results?Why not just use qualitative case studies? Objectivity: Bringing all relevant information to bear on a problemUnderstanding the role of different problem framings including your ownPresent all data on its own termsAffecting outcomes: Realistic potential for providing usable assistance to public and private decision-making)

  14. Predispositions of Quantitative and Qualitative Modes of Inquiry Del Siegle and others in references

  15. Key Terms:Induction (Logic) The process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances. Deduction: The process of reasoning in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises; inference by reasoning from the general to the specificAbduction: A syllogism or form of argument in which the major is evident, but the minor is only probable. Starts from a set of observations and derives/reasons to their most likely explanations.ComplementarityTriangulationMeasurement, Interpretation

  16. Some references (multidisciplinary):Creswell, J. W. (1994). Research design: Qualitative & quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Ericsson, K., and HA Simon, 1993: Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA,Glesne, C., & Peshkin, A. (1992). Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. White Plains, NY: Longman.Lasswell, H. 1971: A Pre-View of the Policy Sciences. New York American ElsevierRayner, S. & Malone, E. L. (Ed.),1998: Human Choice and Climate Change: An International Assessment, Battelle Press 4 Vols.Schon, D., 1982: The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. Basic BooksSpradley, J. P. (1979). The ethnographic interview. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.256 pp.Others……

  17. Acknowledgments • Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases • Maureen Fonseca-Ford, Border Infectious Disease Surveillance Program (CDC), Division of Global Migration and Quarantine • State and Local Health Departments, California and Arizona

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