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Lesson Starter

Lesson Starter. State the bonding present in alkanes. State the name of the third member of the alkanes. State the molecular formula of the sixth member of the alkanes. Draw the molecular structure of pentane. State the general formula for the alkanes. Homologous series. Same second name.

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Lesson Starter

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  1. Lesson Starter • State the bonding present in alkanes. • State the name of the third member of the alkanes. • State the molecular formula of the sixth member of the alkanes. • Draw the molecular structure of pentane. • State the general formula for the alkanes.

  2. Homologous series Same second name Look similar Alkene Family

  3. Aims: • Discuss the Alkenes, which are a family of hydrocarbons. • The name for alkenes up to C6. • The structural formula for the alkenes up to C6. • The molecular formula for the alkenes up to C6. • The general formula for the alkene family.

  4. Ethene C2H4

  5. Propene C3H6

  6. The Alkenes • The alkenes contain a carbon to carbon double bond and so they are called unsaturated hydrocarbons. • The names of all members end in ‘ene’. • The alkenes generally have lower melting and boiling points than their equivalent alkanes. The smaller alkenes are gases, but as the molecules increase in size they become liquids and eventually solids. • Their melting and boiling points also increase as we move from ethene  hexene.

  7. C2H4 CH2=CH2 C3H6 CH2=CHCH3 C4H8 CH2=CHCH2CH3 CH2=CHCH2CH2CH3 C5H10 C6H12 CH2=CHCH2CH2CH2CH3

  8. Alkenes – Homologous series • The alkenes can also be represented by a general formula which is: • They all have similar chemical properties • There is a link between their physical properties and their melting and boiling points. CnH2n

  9. Naming Straight Chain Alkenes Rules • Identify the longest carbon chain. • Number carbon atoms starting at the end nearest the double bond. • Identify the number of the carbon atom where the double bond starts, and insert it into the name.

  10. Examples 1. 2.  But-2-ene  But-1-ene 3. 4.  Hex-3-ene  2 MethylProp-1-ene

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