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Issues in Modern Hawai'i

Issues in Modern Hawai'i. The Hawaiian Renaissance Hawaiian Sovereignty Land Issues. Native Hawaiian and Native American Experiences. Native Americans. Native Hawaiians. Most lost lands Great Mahele Lost sovereignty Lost culture Hawaiian language was banned Hula outlawed

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Issues in Modern Hawai'i

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  1. Issues in Modern Hawai'i • The Hawaiian Renaissance • Hawaiian Sovereignty • Land Issues

  2. Native Hawaiian and Native American Experiences Native Americans Native Hawaiians Most lost lands Great Mahele Lost sovereignty Lost culture Hawaiian language was banned Hula outlawed Traditional arts stifled Lost identity • Lost tribal lands • Due to treaties broken, forced out • Lost culture • Forced to speak English, give up customs • Way of life destroyed-buffalo • Children forced to go to American schools • Were neither Native or American • Lost identity

  3. The Hawaiian Renaissance • Renaissance means rebirth • Hawaiian Renaissance-rebirth, revival Hawaiian Language, Culture • Critics say Hawaiian culture was never lost! • Useful for describing renewed interest, pride in Hawaiian Culture -Began in 1960s and 70s • Interest produced new flowering of Hawaiian dance, music, language, values

  4. Hawaiian Language • Hawaiian Language-banned by Board of Ed.- 1896 • 1978 Hawaiian Constitution amended-State mandate to… “promote the study of Hawaiian culture, history, and language…” • The existence of this class is one result of this!

  5. 1983 estimated only 1000 native speakers left • Began Hawaiian Immersion (to immerse means to surround) Pre-Schools • Hawaiian Immersion schools up to 8th grade. • English instruction slowly introduced in grades 5-8.

  6. Hawaiian Dance, Music & Arts • Recently have seen a resurgence in popularity • Hula - traditional Hawaiian dance - most visible example of this rebirth • Merrie Monarch Hula Festival (named for King David Kalākaua) takes place every year in Hilo (on the Big Island)

  7. Questions • What was/is the Hawaiian Renaissance? • What are some examples of the rebirth of Hawaiian Culture?

  8. Hawaiian Sovereignty Movements • Sovereignty: the power of people to exercise their rights, usually through a government of their own choosing • Before 1893 overthrow The Kingdom of Hawaii… • Was a sovereign nation • Own taxes, laws, postage, money, international agreements • recognized independent country by at least 30 countries (including the United States)

  9. The Apology Resolution • In 1993 Congress apologized to Native Hawaiians on behalf of the American People for the U.S. role in overthrowing the Kingdom of Hawai'i and depriving Native Hawaiians of their right to sovereignty. This has become known as “The Apology Resolution”

  10. Hawaiian Sovereignty • MANY different Hawaiian groups that want many different forms of Hawaiian sovereignty • There are, however, some similarities among all of them

  11. Most Hawaiian Sovereignty Groups Want… • Hawaiian control of some or all Hawaiian Land • The right to determine citizenship of a Hawaiian nation • The right to some kind of self-government Place your name

  12. Land Issues • When Hawaii was annexed to the U.S. in 1898 almost 2,000,000 acres of royal/government land was “ceded” to the U.S. government. • Today The State of Hawai'i and the U.S. Federal Government own about 40% of Hawaiian Land • About 24% of Hawaiian land is privately owned by SIX landowners. • Bishop estate is the largest of these… • Question: Do you know what famous institution is financed by this estate’s land holdings?

  13. Bishop Estate • Lands originally belonged to Princess Bernice Pauahi Bishop • One of few Ali'i to not sell, default on her lands. • Wanted money from her land holdings to benefit the Hawaiian People • Money from leasing lands helped found and maintain Kamehameha Schools

  14. Bishop Estate uses something called “leaseholding” to make money. • Leaseholding: “renting” land/houses for long periods of time (30 or so years) but not owning property • Over the last 20 years there has been a move to force Bishop Estate to sell people the land they are leaseholding. • Controversial use of eminent domain.

  15. DHHL • Department of Hawaiian Home Lands • Department of the State of Hawai'i whose job is to give Native Hawaiians a chance to live on/own their own land • You must be 50% Hawaiian to submit a request for a Homestead • More than 96% of DHHL land is on “neighbor islands”

  16. Questions • Why was their a need for the DHHL? Why did so few Hawaiians have land of their own? • What is leaseholding? • What is Bishop Estate?

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