Building Reach Codes

1. Building Reach Codes Advancing safer, healthier and more affordable buildings Reach Code Basics Building Model Codes EV Model Codes City Actions GHG Emissions Savings

2. Purpose • Support Cities in meeting climate goals • Encourage safer, healthier all-electric buildings within the building code • Install EV charging during building construction commensurate with local needs

3. Guiding Principles Provide cost-effective pathways for both All-Electric and Dual-Fuel (electric + gas) construction Establish the highest possible requirements that are still cost-effective for Dual-Fuel construction. Recommendations must comply within CEC energy code guidelines

4. Revision History DATE BY EDITS Aug 1 B.H. Version 1 Aug 28 R.R. Corrected EV reference in summary (MUD EV Ready for all units not “spaces”), added subtitle sections and reordered building slides for clarity, added infographic and UC study cost info, slide 6: clarified language, slide 20: added “2019” to column, slide 33: removed confusing reference to “EV Capable being more extensive”, other minor fmt. Sept 3 R.R. Replaced infographic slide 15 for corrected construction savings (DNV GL correction).

5. I. Reach Code Introductory Slides What are Reach Codes Benefits Model Code Summary Partners for project Timeline

6. What are Reach Codes? Local enhancements to state code Adopted with current building code cycle Current PCE initiative aimed at improved economic and energy performance Addresses: Building electrification – reduced use of natural gas (methane) and associated emissions Electric vehicle (EV) charging – increased EV readiness

7. Benefits of Reach Codes Major economic value for residents now and prevents expensive future retrofits Safer and healthier homes – no combustion Enables greater EV adoption Fiscal prudence – more cost effective to address at new construction Advance climate goals 

8. Model Code Summary PCE will provide funding support for affordable housing to address EV measures

9. Reach Code Recommendations 1 A ban utilizes a city’s Police power, not via a local amendment to Energy Code.

10. Single Family Residence – Base Code All-Electric (1) Electric & Gas (2) Meet Title 24 requirements • Meet Title 24 requirements, including: • Pre-wire water heater location for future electric heat pump

11. Single Family Residence – Base Reach Code All-Electric (1) Electric & Gas (2) Meet Title 24 requirements • Meet Title 24 requirements, including: • Pre-wire water heater for future electric heat pump • Pre-wire for future electric appliances (+$ 750) • Additional Energy Efficiency measures (+$1500) • Solar thermal or Battery Storage (+ $6000) No Changes

12. Single Family –Reach Code option Electric & Gas (2) All-Electric (1) “Mostly Electric” (2A) • Meet Title 24 requirements, including: • Pre-wire water heater for future electric heat pump • Pre-wire for future electric appliances (+$ 750) • Additional Energy Efficiency (+$1500) • Solar thermal or Battery Storage (+ $6000) • Meet Title 24 requirements, including: • Pre-wire for future electric heat pump • Install Electric water and space heating • (allows natural gas for cooking) • Pre-wire for future electric range (+$ 250) • Additional Energy Efficiency measures (+$1500) • Solar thermal or Battery Storage (+ $6000) Meet Title 24 requirements No Changes

13. Project Partners Lead consultant Technical support Facilitation support Regional partner Cost benefit approvals

14. Last September, Everything Changed SB-100 All electricity is carbon free by 2045 Executive Order B-55-18 Carbon neutral by 2045

15. Reach Code Timeline

16. Summary Timeline Stakeholders Consultant Support Available • Transitioning leadership to the cities • SVCE and Consultants providing support for each of these next steps

17. Guiding Principles for Reach Codes • Preserve a low cost compliance option to minimize impact on construction costs • Encourage development of healthier, safer, lower emission buildings • Reflect the values of our community • Leaders in EV, solar and battery adoption rates nationwide

18. Key Terms All-Electric - buildings using electricity for space and water heating systems Mixed Fuel – buildings using natural gas for space and water heating systems Compliance Margin – how much more energy efficient than code minimum can be done in a cost effective manner, typically expressed as a percentage (e.g. 5% compliance margin) Performance Pathway – exceed code by a certain compliance margin using CEC-approved modeling software (e.g. 5%) Prescriptive Pathway – exceed code by including a list of specific cost-effective measures (e.g. drain heat recovery or batteries), see appendix for examples. Climate Zone – San Mateo county is located within Climate Zone 3. Santa Clara county is mostly Climate Zone 4, with a small portion in Climate Zone 3.

19. II. Building Model Code Details Cost and GHG Comparisons 2019 T24 Code basics EDR Prescriptive vs Performance Pathways Building Model Code Language

20. University of California- All-Electric New Construction 2017 Study

21. Variability in Savings Statewide Residential Building Electrification in California, E3, April 2019

22. All-Electric New Residential Bay Area Conservative Case Residential Building Electrification in California, E3, April 2019

23. Why a Reach Code? What if new buildings and vehicles were powered by clean electricity during this 3-year code cycle? *CO2 impacts reflect carbon-free electricity, currently met by SVCE while PCE’s goal is GHG free by 2021

24. GHG Comparison Mixed fuel / All electric 2017 / All Electric 2030 grid

25. 2019 State Code Basics (Title 24 Chapter 6)

26. What’s already included in the 2019 Code • Prewiring of all homes for future electric heat water heater • Solar PV sized to cover the electric loads associated with a mixed-fuel home • Use of Energy Design Rating (EDR) for all residential energy models • A minimum quantity, level, and readiness of EV charging infrastructure for residential, multi-family, and non-residential building types.

27. What is EDR? • In California codes have shifted from what was being called zero net energy to the Energy Design Rating, or “EDR”. EDR allows for a range of energy performance, rather than simply targeting zero, as in Zero Net Energy. • The EDR measurement is the sum of an efficiency score and an overall score. The efficiency score is based on measures such as insulation, windows, and envelope efficiency. The overall score factors in things like onsite renewable energy and fuel sources. • A building with a score of zero (or less) has maximized energy efficiency and most likely added on-site renewable generation such as rooftop solar. • An EDR of Zero is equal to Zero Net Energy or Zero Energy. Zero or less is most easily achieved by an all-electric building design. A higher EDR score would indicate a less efficient building.

28. Options are formatted in green highlights Mandatory + Reach Code Options for New Construction, Additions, Alterations *or adequate capacity Reach Code Optional Requirements

29. Building Electrification Reach Codes by Building Type Performance and Prescriptive Paths

30. Buildings Pathways: Performance or Prescriptive • Compliance Margin(s) equal to or better than Title 24 code for buildings based on fuel types • What is required for All-Electric Buildings (ex. 0% better than T24) • What is required for Mixed Fuel Buildings (ex. Reach code 10% better than T24) • Pathways for a builder to meet certain EDR requirements • Performance – use modeling software to show the proposed building meets or exceeds the compliance margin (%) established in the reach code, OR • Prescriptive – install from a list of specific technologies as defined within the reach code

31. Single and Two-family New Construction 1 + 2 OR 1 + 2 + 2A “Menu options” are formatted with green highlights

32. Multifamily New Construction (≤3 stories) 1 + 2 OR 1 + 2 + 2A “Menu options” are formatted with green highlights

33. Nonresidential 1 + 2 OR 1 + 2 + 2A

34. Electric Buildings - Single and Two-family New Construction • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance (energy modelling) or • Prescriptive (measures) • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance or • Prescriptive • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance or • Prescriptive • Exceed Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance (10 EDR points) • Prescriptive (additional measures) • Requires solar generation + • Solar water heating • or 1.5 kWh battery Solar generation ready zone in subdivisions with ten or more buildings Requires solar generation Requires solar generation • Required adjacent outlet for future electric replacement: • Gas water heaters Use electric appliances • Required adjacent outlet for future electric replacement: • Gas water heaters • Gas clothes dryers • Gas ranges and stoves

35. Electric Buildings – Multifamily (≤ Stories)New Construction • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance (energy modelling) or • Prescriptive (measures) • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance or • Prescriptive • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance or • Prescriptive • Exceed Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance (10 EDR points) • Prescriptive (additional measures) • Requires solar generation + • Solar water heating • or 2.75 kWh battery Solar generation ready zone Requires solar generation Requires solar generation • Required adjacent outlet for future electric replacement: • Gas water heaters Use electric appliances • Required adjacent outlet for future electric replacement: • Gas water heaters • Gas clothes dryers • Gas ranges and stoves

36. Electric Buildings – Nonresidential • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance (energy modelling) or • Prescriptive (measures) • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance or • Prescriptive • Meet Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance or • Prescriptive • Exceed Title 24 Energy Requirements using: • Performance (9% compliance margin) • Prescriptive (additional measures) Solar generation ready zone Solar generation ready zone Solar generation ready zone Solar generation ready zone • Required adjacent outlet for future electric replacement: • Gas water heaters Use electric appliances • Required adjacent outlet for future electric replacement: • Gas water heaters • Gas clothes dryers • Gas ranges and stoves

37. III. EV Model Codes EVCI Cost Retrofit vs. New Terms and Rates Codes

38. EVCI – Cost of New vs Retrofit Investing in EV infrastructure during new construction saves 40-400% of costs compared to retrofitting it later. EV Capable EV Capable EV Capable EV Ready EV Ready EV Ready

39. Key Terms: EV Infrastructure EV Terms, Charge Rates Level 1 “Trickle Charging” Standard household outlet 15-20 Amp, 120v AC Driving distance provided: 3-4 miles/hour Level 2 “Standard Charging” Equivalent to a dryer outlet. 40+ Amp, 208/240v AC Driving distance provided (standard charging): 25-30 miles/hour Level 3 “DC Fast Charging / SuperCharging” 24-350kW Driving distance provided 72-1,200 miles/hour

40. Key Terms: EV Infrastructure EV Terms, Readiness of Charging Station EV Capable- Some Assembly Required Panel capacity, raceway (conduit) only at critical areas (underground, pinch points, etc.) Definition is less stringent than CALGreen 2019 EV Ready- Plug & Play • Panel capacity, raceway (conduit), overcurrent protection • device (breaker), wire, receptacle & signage. Can refer to Level 1 or Level 2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET EV Charging Station (EVCS) - Level 2 Charge! Charging station fully installed. All the equipment needed to deliver electrical energy from an electricity source to the EV at Level 2

41. Electric Vehicle Terms - Background Speed Readiness Number EV Capable Level 1 “Trickle Charging” Percent of Parking Spaces Level 2 “Standard Charging” EV Ready EV Charging Station Level 3 “DC Fast / SuperCharging” 41

42. Electric Vehicles - Single and Two-family New Construction ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET

43. Electric Vehicles - Single and Two-family New Construction ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET

44. ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET • Electric Vehicles - Multifamily New Construction 3% 10% 25% 100% 75% ≤20 dwelling units >20 dwelling units ≤20 units: One Level 2 EV Ready per dwelling >20 units: Of all dwelling units, • 25% Level 2 EV Ready (10% in affordable housing) • 75% are Level 1 EV Ready (90% in affordable housing) 3% Level 2 EV Capable for buildings with ≥17 units 10% Level 2 EV Capable

45. Electric Vehicles - Non-Residential, Office & Commercial ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET Commercial: Of all parking spaces, • 6% Level 2 EVSE • 5% Level 1 EV Ready Office building: • 10% Level 2 EVSE • 10% Level 1 EV Ready • 30% EV Capable or EV Ready 6% Level 2 EV Capable (for buildings with at least 10 parking spaces) • Over 100 spaces: option for 80kW DC Fast Charger per 100 spaces

46. Reach Code – EV Charging CalGreen (Part 11) provides minimum requirements for each aspect of EV Charging per building type Code To enact a reach code for EV charging, increase the Quantity, Readiness and/or Charging Speed. Reach Code [above charts simplified for illustration purposes]

47. IV. City Actions What steps to take What are other cities doing Outreach Materials & Tools Contacts

48. What can we do with Code Base Title 24 Code or Proposed Reach Code CalGreen Reach Code or 1 To meet Code A ban on gas would result in only All-Electric buildings but Cities would adopt the ban outside of the Building Code.

49. Action for City XXX City Manager to submit Letter of Intent for $10,000 grant for reach code adoption and implementation support Direct staff to review materials, meet with consultants, and work on customizing model code language Calendar Council review and action

50. Participation to-date by Agency