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Design Concepts: Module A: The Science of Color

Design Concepts: Module A: The Science of Color. Goals. Understand the origin of natural color Understand the Additive Color Model Understand the Subtractive Color Model Understand how to represent colors using hexadecimal values. The Electromagnetic Spectrum.

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Design Concepts: Module A: The Science of Color

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  1. Design Concepts:Module A: The Science of Color

  2. Goals • Understand the origin of natural color • Understand the Additive Color Model • Understand the Subtractive Color Model • Understand how to represent colors using hexadecimal values

  3. The Electromagnetic Spectrum • Measure of photons, traveling at the speed of light, carrying some type of energy • Measured in terms of wavelength and frequency

  4. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Image source: http://imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov/ems/waves3.html

  5. Visible Light • Occurs in a small part of the EM spectrum, near the middle • Wavelengths are 400nm to 700nm long Image is from http://imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov/ems/visible.html

  6. Visible Light Image Source: http://imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov/ems/visible.html

  7. Additive Color Model • Used by computers • When light energy is added, a color appears brighter • Different visible light wavelengths can be combined to create new colors Image courtesy of Pat Ellison

  8. Additive Color Model Image courtesy of Pat Ellison

  9. Subtractive Color Model • Used in the print media • When more color is added, a color appears darker • Ink or paint can be thought of a filter that filters out all colors except the color being perceived, which is reflected Image courtesy of Pat Ellison

  10. Subtractive Color Model Image courtesy of Pat Ellison

  11. Primary Colors • Technically, pure primary colors are spectral colors which cannot be mixed from other colors • A small number of colors can be mixed to create new colors

  12. Primary Colors • The Additive Color Model uses Red, Green and Blue (RGB) as Additive Primaries • The Subtractive Color Model uses Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black (CYMK) as Subtractive Primaries

  13. Some Color Terms • Hue – A specific location on the visible spectrum • Saturation – Specifies the amount (intensity) of a color

  14. Some Color Terms • Value (Brightness) – Specifies the darkness/lightness of a color. Adding WHITE to a color produces a TINT. Adding BLACK to a color produces a SHADE.

  15. The Color Wheel • A common way to map color is to use the Color Wheel • All hues are depicted as an angle on the wheel (0° represents RED and 360° represents VIOLET)

  16. The Color Wheel • Saturation is represented as a percentage • Value is represented as a percentage • RED, YELLOW and BLUE are the color wheels primary colors

  17. Representing a Color Image courtesy of Pat Ellison

  18. Color as a Numeric Constant • Digital Color is normally represented as a numeric constant in triplet format, representing RGB values • In many graphic programs RGB values are represented as a percentage (0%-100%) or as an integer (0-255) • On the web, color triplets are often represented using hexadecimal numbers

  19. Common Hex Values

  20. Common Hex Colors • RED (Hex: #ff0000) • GREEN (Hex: #00ff00) • BLUE (Hex: #0000ff) • WHITE (Hex: #ffffff) • BLACK (Hex: #000000)

  21. Common Hex Colors • MAGENTA (Hex: #ff00ff) • CYAN (Hex: #00ff00) • YELLOW (Hex: #ff0000) • GRAY (Hex: #808080)

  22. Questions?

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