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Imperialism

Imperialism. Empire Building. Ind. Revol.  this event will “drive” imperialism Countries Claimed  European powers will divide up less developed areas of the world  China/India/Asia/S. America/Africa U.S.  last “mini-power” – takes Pacific and Philippines. Economics.

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Imperialism

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  1. Imperialism

  2. Empire Building • Ind. Revol.  this event will “drive” imperialism • Countries Claimed  European powers will divide up less developed areas of the world  China/India/Asia/S. America/Africa • U.S.  last “mini-power” – takes Pacific and Philippines

  3. Economics • Purpose of Colonies • Raw Materials • New Markets • Purpose of colonized people • Slave Labor • 2nd class citizens (workers) • Tropical Areas  US plant plantations (pineapple, sugar canes, etc)

  4. Power & Authority • Types of rule • Direct Rule  all shots “called” from parent country • Indirect  Elect/Select governors to rule in mother country’s absence • Combo  blend of both

  5. Divisions of land • Britain = most colonies • France 2nd most • Germany 3rd most

  6. Pg. 304 • Advanced responsibility to less? (harmful? Helpful?) • OK to force ways upon another? • Who benefits from a people’s resources? • Too much power over a people  possible? Any poewr acceptable?

  7. Division of Africa • I. Revolution stirred ambitions of Europe: • More resources (needed) • More markets • Africa fit both • Before Europeans – Africa highly: • Educated • Civilized • Developed • First Europeans in Africa • Missionaries • Explorers • Humanitarians

  8. Division of Africa (cont.) • 2nd wave of Europeans: • Belgium got Congo • Said end slavery  excuse (Africans enslaved other Africans) • Imperialism: “When a stronger nation takes over a country or territory with the intent of dominating the political, economic, and social life of a people less strong” • Nationalism added too: • Powers (10) felt their culture best  leave “mark on globe” – “White Man’s Burden” • Racism  E & A felt: tech. better – they are superior to other races – reflected C. Darwin  Called “Social Darwinism”

  9. Division of Africa (cont.) • Forces Enabling Imperialism • External forces working against Africa • Technology: • Maxim  1st machine gun (1889) • Africans = old weapons • Steam engine = boat = Travel upstream to est. bases • RR/Cables = Communication from Africa – Telephone/Graph & Britain & between bases good

  10. Internal Forces Against Britain • Malaria  developed guanine (vaccine) • Large # of languages within Africa = didn’t unify

  11. Ways Africa Benefitted from Europe • Hospitals • Slave trade ended • Local fighting reduced • Congresses  springing up locally (gov’t) • Lifespan • Knowledge of African: • Art • Literacy rates rose • Products • Resources • Jobs • Telegraph/Telephone = modernizes colonies • Plumbing/sewers/clean water • Opened Africa to “E” world ways

  12. Ways Africa Was Damaged From Imperialism • Enslavement/Human Labor • Lost land/Culture • Divided land without a say • Hunger (after cash crops) • Dieases from Europe • Villages were dismantled/left unprotected • Revolts against Europe • Africans taken over without rights • Property taken • Culture of Europe not understood

  13. Excuses by Europeans • Unifies the world (Fr.) • More political and peace/order  guns • (Fr.) gr. Country has the right to spread its greatness • “Great Blessing” due to all (p/o etc) that was brought • Fair/Justice with the People of India if you knew what we needed

  14. Negatives on Imperialism • E didn’t know “wants” (HOME!) of their captured/conquered people • Impoverishment • Made people belive this was right and proper • “Knife of Sugar”  India = knife = Britain = Sugar Coating = all the “stuff” that Br. Brought with them

  15. Berlin Congerence (1884-85) • Berlin, Germany • 14 super powers of the time divided up Africa • Rules • Tell others what land you want • Prove you can control it • NO thought to African people • Mineral wealth = real wealth • Gold • Tin • Diamond • Copper

  16. 3 Groups Clash • Zulus (S. Africa) – Chief Saka held off British = good warriors and discipline = 1887 taken • Boers (Dutch, 1682, South Africa)  farmers = British come (1800s) 2 clash over Policy = Dutch leave mover further North, fight with Zulus and other tribes = “Great Trek” • Boer War – South Africa • Gold/Diamonds discovered • 1889 Boers and British = “total war” • Guerilla Tactics • Biological Warfare • No one spared • 1902 – Dutch lost • Union of S. Africa formed – Dutch live there

  17. Section 4 • Sepoys – • Jewel in the Crown – • Sepoy Mutiny (1857) – • Raj (1757-1947) – • Positive things Imp. Brought to India

  18. The Rhodes Colossus

  19. The Great Powers Divide China

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