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Corynebacterium

Corynebacterium. Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Small, pleomorphic gram-positive bacilli Facultative anaerobic No particular arrangement. metachromatic granules. Methylene blue stain Alberts's stain. Alberts's stain. Classification. Four subspecies are recognized:

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Corynebacterium

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  1. Corynebacterium

  2. Corynebacterium diphtheriae • Small, pleomorphic gram-positive bacilli • Facultative anaerobic • No particular arrangement

  3. metachromatic granules • Methylene blue stain • Alberts's stain

  4. Alberts's stain

  5. Classification • Four subspecies are recognized: • C. diphtheriaemitis • C. diphtheriaeintermedius • C. diphtheriae gravis • C. diphtheriaebelfanti

  6. Pathogenicity • C. diphtheriae(toxigenic strains): • Throat diphtheria • Cutaneous diphtheria • C. diphtheriae(non-toxigenic strains): • Endocarditis • Foreign body infections • Pharyngitis

  7. Diphtheria • Upper respiratory tract infection • It is characterized by: • Sore throat • Low fever • Adherent membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity

  8. Diphtheria • Contagious disease • Vaccination: DPT (Diphtheria–Pertussis–Tetanus)

  9. Cuatneous diphtheria • A milder form of diphtheria restricted to the skin • Less common consequences include: • Myocarditis (about 20% of cases) • Peripheral neuropathy (about 10% of cases)

  10. Laboratory diagnosis • Growth in protein rich medium (Löffler's serum) • Subculture: selective serum or blood tellurite agar • All Corynebacteria (including C. diphtheriae) grow and reduce tellurite to metallic tellurium

  11. Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae on Tinsdale agar

  12. Treatment • Diphtheria antitoxin • Antibiotics: • Metronidazole • Erythromycin • Procaine penicillin • Rifampin or clindamycin

  13. End

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