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Musical Evolution from Medieval to Renaissance: Church, Court, and Village Spheres

Explore the transition of music from Medieval to Renaissance times, focusing on church, court, and village spheres. Discover the rise of polyphony, the humanism influence, and the flourishing of Renaissance culture. Learn about the evolution of musical styles, the significance of vocal music, and the emergence of composers as celebrities. Delve into the Madrigal genre and instrumental music of the era, including Renaissance dances like the Pavane and Galliard.

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Musical Evolution from Medieval to Renaissance: Church, Court, and Village Spheres

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  1. Music History Medieval to Renaissance

  2. End of the Medieval Period • Music occurring in three main social spheres: Church, Court, & Village • Court & Village music becoming more popular, BUT… • Church music develops from monophony to polyphony!

  3. Organum • Organum: Chant + 1 or more melodic lines • Chant goes from strictly unison to parallel melodies at the fourth, fifth, and octave (9th—11th Century) • Began as improvisation, hard to know when it began because it was written down after the fact • Free organum (11th—12th Century) uses contrary motion, voices crossing, still highly improvised • Monophony v. Polyphony

  4. Parallel Motion/Organum

  5. Contrary Motion/Free Organum

  6. Renaissance Culture (1450-1600) • Renaissance = Rebirth • Return to the classics (back to the Greeks!) • Humanism = Focus on human life and accomplishments • Sense of optimism and confidence • Invention of printing! • Composers start to become stars • Educated people studied music

  7. Renaissance Musical Style • Church: Extension into choirs, still composing for the Mass • Court: Center of musical life • Town: Musicians paid more and enjoyed higher status • Vocal music still most important • Music enhances meaning and emotion of text (word painting) • Polyphonic • Composers thinking in terms of chords, all lines conceived together • Rhythm: Overall gentle flow, each line has rhythmic independence

  8. The Madrigal • Genre of secular vocal music • Several solo voices, usually a cappella • Set to a short poem, usually about love • Word painting! • Language: in the vernacular

  9. As Vesta Was Descending • Let’s listen…

  10. Instrumental Music of the Renaissance • Not as important as vocal music • Accompanied voices or played music meant for singing • Polyphonic • Lute, shawm, recorder

  11. Renaissance Dances • Important social pastime • Pavane • Galliard

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