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Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. The Basics. Like a plant STATIONARY Like an animal HETEROTROPHIC Like plants, animals, and protists EUKARYOTIC Cell walls made of CHITIN. Basic Structure. Hyphae - thin filaments making up a fungus (some called rhizoids help to anchor the fungus)

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Kingdom Fungi

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  1. Kingdom Fungi

  2. The Basics • Like a plant • STATIONARY • Like an animal • HETEROTROPHIC • Like plants, animals, and protists • EUKARYOTIC • Cell walls made of • CHITIN

  3. Basic Structure Hyphae- thin filaments making up a fungus (some called rhizoids help to anchor the fungus) Mycelium- mass of tangled filaments (hyphae); most of these are in soil or embedded in host’s tissue Fruiting body­- reproductive structure; what you see Spores- thick-walled; located at tips of some hyphae; for reproduction

  4. Reproduction • Fragmentation • Budding • Spores • Asexual • Sexual • Evolutionary advantage why? Fungi are classified according to the way they reproduce/ make spores

  5. Zygote Fungi • Phylum Zygomycota • Example: bread mold • Specialized hyphae form 2 different organisms which fuse to form a zygote • Most are saprobes- feed on dead tissue and organic matter • Return valuable materials to soil & atmosphere

  6. ? Decomposers- break down complex organic matter into smaller components ? • Saprobes- feed on dead tissue and organic matter • Formerly called saprophytes • Examples: • Fungi • Bacteria • Detritivores- feed on non-living organic matter • Are scavengers the same thing? • Examples: • Earthworms • Mites • Millipedes • Some beetles Consumers?

  7. Zygote Fungi

  8. Club Fungi • Phylum Basidiomycota • ex. Mushrooms, puffballs • Club-shaped basidia make spores • Saprobes • Some can be eaten

  9. Club Fungi

  10. Sac/ Cup Fungi • Phylum Ascomycota • ex. Yeasts, mildews, molds • Specialized sac-like structure called an ascus produces spores • Heterotrophic parasites • Brewing, baking, penicillin, scientific research

  11. Sac/ Cup Fungi

  12. Imperfect Fungi • Phylum Deuteromycota • Examples: Penicillium, those responsible for athlete’s foot & ringworm • No known sexual stage • Some used to make soy sauce and some blue cheeses

  13. Lichens • A combo (2-part) organism often on rocks or tree trunks • 2 organisms are in a mutualistic relationship- both benefit • Fungus- provides protection, receives nourishment • Blue-green bacteria OR green alga- provides nourishment (it is autotrophic), receives protection • Uses • Food for animals • Create soil- the acid in a lichen can break through rocks

  14. Mycorrizhae • Plants + fungi in a mutualistic relationship • Fungi get nutrients from plant roots • Plants get increased surface area from fungi, allowing them more water and minerals

  15. The Good Decomposers (nutrient cycling) Some medicines Penicillin Some food Blue cheese Mushrooms Habitat The Bad Some poisonous Some parasitic Some disease-causing Athlete’s foot Ringworm Yeast infections/ jock itch Good and Bad Things About Fungi

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