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Proteins

Proteins. Protein Basics. Proteins come from a Greek word meaning of “ prime importance .” Like both carbs and fats they contain C,H,O. However, they also contain Nitrogen and a side chain shown by an “R” (R group gives specific characteristics or functions)

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Proteins

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  1. Proteins

  2. Protein Basics • Proteins come from a Greek word meaning of “prime importance.” • Like both carbs and fats they contain C,H,O. However, they also contain Nitrogen and a side chain shown by an “R” (R group gives specific characteristics or functions) • Formed from amino acid building blocks

  3. So, Proteins are “amino acids” linked together? • Yes, amino acids  proteins  polysaccharides But, unlike glycogen protein levels remain stable in the body. Instead, unused amino acids undergo 2 processes • 1. gluco-neo-genesis • 2. storage in adipo-cytes as tri-glycerdies (1 glycerol, 3 FAs)

  4. Amino Acids • 20 different amino acids exist • They all have an amine (NH2) & acid (COOH) component • Hence, the name AMINO-ACID • The order of linking the amino acids gives the protein its “personality” • Eg. 1-2-3 DOES NOT EQUAL 3-2-1 • So, 3 amino acids can make 203 proteins

  5. Protein Types Non-essential amino acids the body is able to produce these amino acids from other substances at a rate required for building and repair Essential amino acids The body can’t make these amino acids so they have to be eaten Complete Proteins Come from foods containing all the essential A.A. Incomplete Proteins Lack one or more of the essential A.A. Can lead to malnutrition (very rare in developed countries)

  6. Role - How it finds meaning in the body • 2 VERY important ideas; • Protein are the building blocks that compose much of our body (12kg worth) • Including our muscle 2. Proteins’ Carbon can be used for energy (carbs; C6H12O6)

  7. Glycogen, you again? • Remember glycogen is a preferred fuel (comes from carbohydrates) • RDA is .83 g per kg for a person • It varies for athletes *Therefore athletes and bodybuilder have to have the right amounts of healthy carbohydrates too It is NOT all about proteins

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