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Vertebrates

Vertebrates. Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata. Characteristics . Notochord Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord Pharyngeal Pouches Post-Anal Tail. Bones/Cartilage Cranium Endoskeleton. Vertebrate Evolution. 550 million years ago Jawless Fishes. Fishes. Class Agnatha

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Vertebrates

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  1. Vertebrates • Phylum: Chordata • Subphylum: Vertebrata

  2. Characteristics • Notochord • Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord • Pharyngeal Pouches • Post-Anal Tail

  3. Bones/Cartilage • Cranium • Endoskeleton

  4. Vertebrate Evolution • 550 million years ago • Jawless Fishes

  5. Fishes • Class Agnatha • Hagfishes & Lampreys

  6. Cartilage Skeletons, External Fertilization, and Freshwater Fertilization.

  7. Class Chondrichthyes • Sharks, Rays, and Skates

  8. Placoid Scales, Lateral Line System, Olfactory Bulbs, Cartilage Skeletons, Internal Fertilization

  9. Class Osteichthyes • Bony Fishes (lobe-finned and ray-finned)

  10. Bone, Lungs or swim bladder, Scales, Gills, & Mostly External Fertilization.

  11. Amphibians

  12. Amphibian Characteristics • Aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult form: metamorphosis. • Moist, thin skin with no scales. • Feet, if present, lack claws and often are webbed.

  13. Gills, lungs, and skin used in respiration. • Eggs lack shells. • External Fertilization • 3 Chambered Heart

  14. Reptiles Reptiles evolved from Amphibians.

  15. Amniotic Egg

  16. Water-Tight Skin

  17. Gas Exchange • Lungs

  18. Energy • Ectotherms

  19. Circulation

  20. Crocodiles have a 4 chambered heart.

  21. Birds

  22. Feathers • Down, Contour, & Flight

  23. Skeleton • Lightweight and Rigid

  24. Endothermic Metabolism • Eat often to supply energy to maintain their warmth.

  25. Respiratory System

  26. Mammals

  27. Characteristics • Endothermy • Hair • 4 Chambered Heart • Milk • Single Jawbone • Specialized Teeth

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