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Dual Fuel

Dual Fuel. +. Hybrid System Selling. What will you know?. What are Hybrid Systems? What is Balance Point? What is Power Consumption? What is Coefficient of Performance? What Controls? How to sell Hybrid Systems!. What will you be able to do?. Explain and configure Hybrid Systems

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Dual Fuel

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  1. Dual Fuel + Hybrid System Selling

  2. What will you know? • What are Hybrid Systems? • What is Balance Point? • What is Power Consumption? • What is Coefficient of Performance? • What Controls? • How to sell Hybrid Systems!

  3. What will you be able to do? • Explain and configure Hybrid Systems • Determine Balance Points • Determine COPs • Estimate Power Consumption • Sell Hybrid Systems

  4. What are you fixin’ to do? • Use Perf. Data and Program to determine Balance Point • Use Perf. Data and Program to determine COPs • Complete Power Consumption pages • Practice the “story” • GET TO WORK!!!

  5. Furnace Operation • Heat Loss = load in winter • Gas, Propane, Oil furnace replaces heat by fuel combustion • Output/capacity constant regardless of OD Temp. HEAT

  6. Heat Pump Operation • Heat Loss = load in winter • Heat Pump replaces heat by transferring heat from outside • Output/capacity of HP reduces as OD Temp. drops • Air Conditioner in Reverse!

  7. Air Conditioner Operation HEAT Condenser Coil releases heat into the OD air as refrigerant gas condenses into liquid Evaporator Coil absorbs heat from the ID air as liquid refrigerant evaporates

  8. Heat Pump Operation HEAT Condenser Coil releases heat into the ID air as refrigerant gas condenses into liquid Evaporator Coil absorbs heat from the OD air as liquid refrigerant evaporates

  9. Heat Pump Capacity • As the OD Temperature drops, the heating capacity of a heat pump drops.

  10. Heat Pump Defrost Cycles • Defrost Cycles are factored into heat pump performance data.

  11. Manual J – Residential Load Calculation (Version-7) • “The design heat loss must be calculated for the winter outdoor design temperature. Because the maximum heat loss occurs during the early morning hours, before sun rise and at a time of occupant inactivity, the heat gains due to solar radiation and internal heat gains are notconsidered in the heat loss calculation.” • The furnace/heat pump is selected for the coldest day of the year! • What about the other days???

  12. Heat Loss = Linear • As the OD Temperature DROPS, the heat loss INCREASES and vice versa!

  13. Balance Point • The lowest OD Temperature at which the heat pump can supply 100% of the heating required for the space.

  14. Manual J: Version 7 • “The design heat loss must be calculated for the winter outdoor design temperature. Because the maximum heat loss occurs during the early morning hours, before sun rise and at a time of occupant inactivity, the heat gains due to solar radiation and internal heat gains are notconsidered in the heat loss calculation.” • The Balance Point might be LOWER than you think!

  15. Power Consumption • Heat Loss in Btus • Calculate cost to replace Heat Loss in Btus - $$$ • Need weather data • Need efficiency of equipment • Need Btus of heat per unit of fuel • Need “Correction Factor" $$

  16. Weather Data“Bin Data”

  17. Equipment Efficiency • AFUE for Furnaces • 80% or 90% Gas Furnace • 80% Oil Furnace • Coefficient of Performance for Heat Pumps – COP = (efficiency at a specific condition) • will vary with OD Temperature!!!

  18. Btu Outputs for Fuels • Natural Gas = 100,000 Btu per “Therm.” • (100 Cubic Feet of Gas - CCF’s) • Propane = 91,500 Btu per Gallon • Oil = 130,000 Btu per Gallon • Electric = 3.413 Btus per Watt • 3,413 Btus per Kilowatt (Kw) • ( Kw = 1,000 watts )

  19. Coefficient of Performance(efficiency at a specific condition) • 1 Watt = 3.413 Btus of heat • 1 Kilowatt = 3,413 Btus of heat • Heat Pump Capacity & Heat Pump Power - Kw • Performance Data • COP at the Balance Point (Heat Pump Capacity / Heat Pump Power - Kw) 3,413

  20. “Correction Factor” • Correction Factor = adjustment applied to the number of heating load hours, given the effects of OD temperatures on structures and how these effects are delayed or diminished because of daily temperature changes – in other words, for the house to experience the full load effect of 32F (BtuH heat loss), the OD temperature must remain this low for quite a few hours. Normal daily ranges vary, which throws our calculations into disarray. • Recommend beginning with 70%

  21. Furnace Power Consumption Variables • Heat Loss - Load Calculation • Heating Load Hours - Weather Data • Fuel cost per unit (therm/gallon) - $ • Correction Factor • AFUE • Btus per unit of fuel (therm/gallon) • Methods from Manual J: Version 7 (Appendix A-3)

  22. Furnace Power Consumption • Heat Loss - Load Calculation • Heating Load Hours - Weather Data • Fuel cost per unit (therm/gallon) - $ • Correction Factor • AFUE • Btus per unit of fuel (therm/gallon) Heat Loss x Heating Load Hours x Fuel Cost-unit x Correction Factor AFUE x Btu Per Unit of Fuel

  23. Heat Pump Power Consumption • Heat Loss - Load Calculation • Heating Load Hours - Weather Data • Electric cost per Kw - $ • Correction Factor • COP • 1 Kw = 3,413 Btus Heat Loss x Heating Load Hours x Cost per Kw x Correction Factor COP x 3,413

  24. Furnace Example 43,651 x 298 x .80 x .70 .80 x 100,000 • Heat Loss at 20°F = 43,651 BtuH • Heat Load Hours = 298 • $.80 per Therm. - Natural Gas • 70% Correction Factor • XV80 Furnace - 80% AFUE $91 estimated cost of operation for this temperature range over a year period.

  25. Heat Pump Example 21,825 x 540 x .07 x .70 2.8 x 3,413 • Heat Loss at 50°F = 21,825 BtuH • Heat Load Hours = 540 • $.07 per KwH • 70% Correction Factor • XL14i - COP = 2.8 $60 estimated cost of operation for this temperature range over a year period.

  26. Heating Power Consumption for Hybrid System

  27. Power Consumption

  28. Control is KEY! • 2 stage controls • Dual Fuel applications & considerations • No more TAYPLUS!

  29. 2 Furnaces in 1 2 Stage Operation = + = Mild Winter Day Furnace Winter Design Temp. Furnace 2 Stage

  30. 2 Stage Hybrid Operation = + = Mild Winter Day System Cold Winter Day System Hybrid System

  31. GET TO WORK!!! Skills & Practice.

  32. What will you be able to do? • Explain and configure Hybrid Systems • Determine Balance Points • Determine COPs • Estimate Power Consumption • Sell Hybrid Systems • ***Laptop computer required***

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