A.P. European History Religious Wars

1. A.P. European History Religious Wars

2. Religious Wars French Religious War 100 200 300 400 500 Spanish Religious War 100 200 300 400 500 English Religious War 100 200 300 400 500 Thirty Years War 100 200 300 400 500 Vocabulary and Art 100 200 300 400 500

3. Who were the Protestant Bourbons and the Catholic Guises? MAIN These are the two primary families that fought for control of France during the religious wars of the 16th century. SUBJECT: French Religious Wars 500 400 300 200 100

4. Who were Henry II, Francis II, and Charles IX? MAIN These were the three sons of Catherine de Medicis who all were staunchly anti-Protestant and all died at a young age. 500 SUBJECT: French Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

5. Who were the Bourbons ( Henry IV of Navarre) and Valois (Margaret of Valois)? MAIN These were the two families that were united by the marriage that occurred on Aug, 24th 1572. 500 SUBJECT: French Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

6. Who was Henry IV? MAIN He became the King of France and tried to find a compromise between Catholics and French Huguenots and uttered his famous quote when asked to convert to Catholicism, “Paris is worth a Mass”. 500 SUBJECT: French Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

7. What was the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.? MAIN This was the event on August 24th, 1572 that marked the worst violence against Protestants or Huguenots in France on the orders of Charles IX. 500 SUBJECT: French Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

8. What was the Battle of Lepanto? MAIN This is the battle in the Mediterranean Sea in 1571 off the Gulf of Corinth where Admiral Andrea Doria of Genoa and Don Juan of Spain defeated the Turkish Fleet. 500 SUBJECT: Spanish Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

9. MAIN Who were Margaret of Parma and Antoine Perrenot ( the Cardinal Granvelle)? When Philip II left the Netherlands never to return these two people were left in charge in 1559. 500 SUBJECT: Spanish Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

10. Who were William of Orange ( the Silent) and Count of Egmont? MAIN These were the two Dutch leaders of resistance against the Spanish who engineered the removal of Granvelle from the Netherlands. ( Both were later killed). 500 SUBJECT: Spanish Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

11. Who was Fernando Alvarez de Toledo-The Duke of Alba? MAIN This was the Spanish General who set up his tribunal to suppress the Dutch Revolt in the Netherlands, and stiffened Dutch resistance due to the cruelty of the Blood Council. 500 SUBJECT: Spanish Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

12. What was the Spanish Armada? MAIN This is what Philip II sent to conquer England in 1588 due to the English help with the Dutch Revolt in the Netherlands and the execution of Mary Queen of Scots. 500 SUBJECT: Spanish Religious Wars 400 300 200 100

13. Who was Thomas Cranmer? MAIN He was the Archbishop of Canterbury for Henry VIII and Edward VI and was burned for heresy by Mary I. England’s Religious War 500 400 300 200 100

14. Who was Philip II (Spanish Hapsburg)? MAIN He was the husband of Mary Tudor who urged her to fight against the French, thus losing Calais, and to keep England staunchly Catholic. England’s Religious War 500 400 300 200 100

15. Who was Lady Jane Grey? MAIN She was the Queen for nine days and was a great-granddaughter of Henry VII and was named a successor to the crown by Edward VI. (She was beheaded in 1554) England’s Religious War 500 400 300 200 100

16. Who was John Knox? MAIN He was the religious leader who fled to Geneva during the reign of Mary Tudor and returned to Scotland during the reign of Mary Queen of Scots? England’s Religious War 500 400 300 200 100

17. Who were the Sea Beggars or Sea Dogs? ( Francis Drake, Sir Walter Raleigh, John Hawkins, and Martin Frobisher ) MAIN This was the nickname given to Elizabeth’s naval Captains who used the gold and goods of captured ships to add to England’s coffers. England’s Religious War 500 400 300 200 100

18. What was the Defenestration of Prague? ( Ferdinand of Styria sends delegates to Bohemia and they are tossed out the widow.) MAIN This was the event that triggered the beginning of the Thirty Years War. SUBJECT: The Thirty Year’s War 500 400 300 200 100

19. Who was Christian IV King of Denmark and Norway? MAIN He was the leader of a large Protestant army that invaded Saxony with initial success, but was defeated by Imperial forces and forced to flee to the Jutland Peninsula. SUBJECT: The Thirty Year’s War 500 400 300 200 100

20. Who was Albrecht von Wallenstein (A Czech Protestant) ? MAIN He was the mercenary general of Imperial forces who ruthlessly rampaged throughout Germany and won numerous victories until he was assassinated at the request of the Emperor. SUBJECT: The Thirty Year’s War 500 400 300 200 100

21. Who was Gustavus Adolphus? MAIN He was the brilliant Swedish general who won victories for the Protestant forces only to be killed at the Battle of Lutzen. SUBJECT: The Thirty Year’s War 500 400 300 200 100

22. What were the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 and Treaty of the Pyrenees 1659? (The German people lost the most) MAIN These were the two Treaties that eventually settle the Thirty Years’ War giving France the advantage and Spain and Austria the disadvantage. SUBJECT: The Thirty Year’s War 500 400 300 200 100

23. What are politiques? MAIN Rulers who tended to subordinate theological doctrine to political unity became known as these type of leaders. SUBJECT:Vocabulary and Art 500 400 300 200 100

24. What was the Edict of Nantes? MAIN This was the agreement issued by Henry IV of France in 1598, which allowed limited religious freedom to Huguenots. SUBJECT:Vocabulary and Art 500 400 300 200 100

25. What was baroque art? MAIN This is the style of art often celebrated in the Catholic Counter Reformation which is grandiose, larger than life, and a celebration of life and energy. SUBJECT:Vocabulary and Art 500 400 300 200 100

26. What were the Thirty-Nine Articles on Religion? MAIN A revision of the Book of Common Prayer in England led to the issuance in 1563 of these that made a moderate Protestantism the official religion of England. SUBJECT:Vocabulary and Art 500 400 300 200 100

27. What was the Union of Arras and the Union of Utrecht? MAIN These were the two unions that were formed in the provinces of the Netherlands, one in the south that sided with Spain and the other in the north which disavowed Philip II as their ruler. SUBJECT:Vocabulary and Art 500 400 300 200 100