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Crystallography and Diffraction Techniques

Crystallography and Diffraction Techniques. Myoglobin. Types of diffraction. X-ray diffraction Electron diffraction Neutron diffraction. Myoglobin diffraction pattern 1962 Nobel Prize by Max Perutz and Sir John Cowdery Kendrew.

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Crystallography and Diffraction Techniques

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  1. Crystallography and Diffraction Techniques Myoglobin

  2. Types of diffraction • X-ray diffraction • Electron diffraction • Neutron diffraction Myoglobin diffraction pattern 1962 Nobel Prize by Max Perutz and Sir John Cowdery Kendrew Enhanced visibility of hydrogen atoms by neutron crystallography on fully deuterated myoglobin

  3. X-ray Diffraction

  4. Water

  5. Light

  6. Electron

  7. Constructive

  8. Destructive

  9. Diffraction from atoms

  10. Continue

  11. 1 A About 1 Å

  12. Wave of mater

  13. Wave of electrons The electrons are accelerated in an electric potential U to the desired velocity:

  14. Crystal diffraction

  15. Gas, liquid, powder diffraction

  16. Surface diffraction

  17. Diffraction by diffractometer

  18. Example of spots by diffractometer

  19. X-ray Crystallography

  20. Electron density

  21. Deformation Electron Density

  22. Macromolecule X-ray Crystallography

  23. Generation of X-rays

  24. What is K and K (for Cu) ?K : 2p 1sK : 3p 1s

  25. X-ray tube

  26. An optical grating and diffraction of light

  27. Lattice planes

  28. Lattice planes => reflection

  29. Lattice planes review

  30. Bragg’s Law

  31. Bragg’s Law

  32. Bragg’s Law

  33. 2dsin(theta)=n lumda

  34. Bragg’s Law

  35. Atomic scattering factor

  36. Atomic scattering factor

  37. intensity

  38. Phase and intensity

  39. Electron density

  40. Diffraction of one hole

  41. Diffraction of two holes

  42. Diffraction of 5 holes

  43. 2D four holes

  44. From real lattice to reciprocal lattice Real holes Reflection pattern Crystal lattice is a real lattice, while its reflection pattern is its corresponding reciprocal lattice.

  45. TEM image of Si? or Diamond? • Real lattice viewed from (110) direction. Si Diamond

  46. Electron Diffraction

  47. Conversion of Real Lattice to Reciprocal Lattice

  48. Ewald Sphere and Diffraction Pattern Paul Peter Ewald (1888~1985) • The Ewald sphere is a geometric construct used in X-ray crystallography which neatly demonstrates the relationship between: • the wavelength of the incident and diffracted x-ray beams, • the diffraction angle for a given reflection, • the reciprocal lattice of the crystal

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