1 / 28

Chapter 3 System Configuration

The Complete A+ Guide to PC Repair 5/e. Chapter 3 System Configuration. Chapter Objectives. After completing this chapter you will be able to:. Configuration Overview. The BIOS (basic input /output system) is an important motherboard component. The BIOS has the following functions:.

jeneil
Download Presentation

Chapter 3 System Configuration

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Complete A+ Guideto PC Repair 5/e Chapter 3 System Configuration

  2. Chapter Objectives After completing this chapter you will be able to:

  3. Configuration Overview The BIOS (basic input /output system) is an important motherboard component. The BIOS has the following functions: Holds and executes POST (power on self test)—the program that identifies, tests, and initializes basic hardware components Holds a basic routine called a bootstrap program that locates an operating system and allows it to load Holds Setup, which is a program that allows device settings to be viewed and managed

  4. The Setup Program

  5. Flash BIOS 02 03 01 Flash BIOS is the most common type of BIOS used today. A type of memory that allows the BIOS to be changed without installing a new chip. The BIOS is updated via files that have been downloaded from the Internet. Viruses can infect the Flash BIOS. Keep the BIOS write-protected until you need to update it.

  6. CMOS Memory

  7. BIOS Configuration Settings

  8. BIOS Configuration Settings

  9. Motherboard Batteries The most common battery used today is a lithium battery that is about the size of a nickel.

  10. Motherboard Batteries

  11. IRQ (Interrupt Request)

  12. IRQ & Device Manager

  13. PCI Interrupts

  14. PCI Interrupts

  15. I/O (Input/Output) Addresses An I/O address, also known as port address, allows the device & the processor to exchange data.

  16. DMA Channels (Direct Memory Access Channels) DMA Channels It is a number assigned to a an adapter which allows adapters to bypass the processor and communicate directly with the RAM chips. • This technique speeds transfers by allowing transferring data directly to memory. • Each device or adapter must have a unique DMA channel assigned. • Bus-mastering – A better and more efficient method than DMA. The bus-mastering adapter takes control of the bus in a manner similar to the CPU.

  17. Memory Addresses Memory Address • A unique address assigned to the BIOS, any other ROM chips installed on adapters, and RAM chips installed in the system. • The memory address is used by the CPU when it accesses information inside the chip. • Configuration problems can be caused by overlapping adapter ROM memory addresses. • Memory addresses are shown in hexadecimal. The memory address ranges used for all of the different ROM chips installed in the system are usually from A0000h to FFFFFh.

  18. Configuration Overview ISA, EISA, PCI, PCI-E, and AGP adapters must be configured for the proper IRQ, I/O address, memory address, and DMA channel.

  19. Adapter Configuration 1 PCI, AGP, and PCI-E adapters are the easiest adapters to configure. Usually, they do not have problems with interrupt conflicts because the PCI standard allows interrupt sharing. 2 A PCI device is configured through the BIOS and system Setup software as well as through software provided with the PCI adapter. 3 PCI adapters have special registers that store the configuration information. 4

  20. Configuration of PC Cards/Express Cards Most PC Cards/ExpressCards support hot swapping. PC Card slots are now being replaced with ExpressCards. Each card takes system resources such as memory addresses and interrupts, just as other adapters do. Hot swapping allows the cards to be inserted when the PC is powered on.

  21. Configuration of PC Cards/Express Cards

  22. Installing USB Device • USB devices are hot swappable. • USB OTG (on-the-go)– A supplement to the USB 2.0 specification which adds the capability of a USB device having the ability to be a host device. Two devices can communicate without a PC or a hub. • Certified Wireless USB – Supports high-speed, secure wireless connectivity between a USB device and a PC at speeds comparable to that of a Hi-Speed USB. • USB adapters for more ports • USB hub – A popular device which is used to connect more than one USB device to a USB port.

  23. USB • USB ports are known as Type A and Type B. • A standard USB cable has a Type A male connector on one end and a Type B male connector on the other end. • The port on the computer is a Type A port. • A Type A connector inserts into the Type A port. • The Type B connector attaches to the Type B port on the USB device. • USB hubs normally have Type A ports on them.

  24. USB Troubleshooting

  25. Installing an IEEE 1394 (FireWire) Device

  26. IEEE 1394 Troubleshooting Use Device Manager to verify the correct IEEE 1394 installation. FireWire hubs can be self-powered or bus-powered like USB hubs. A switch control may be needed to select the correct power mode. FireWire can have three types of connectors – 4-, 6-, and 9-pin. The 4-pin does not provide voltage.

  27. Soft Skills List Symptoms Make a list of symptoms, followed by a list of things to try. Good Tech Qualities Possible Solutions Try possible solutions starting with the simples one. Document Document each step so that each approach that does not fix the problem is put back to the original configuration before next possible solution.

  28. Questions???

More Related