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Classification of Living Things

Classification of Living Things. 1. Classification is a way to organize - group things based on similarities ex: cards in a deck. 2. The first classification system was developed by Aristotle . - he grouped everything into 2 categories: plant and animal.

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Classification of Living Things

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  1. Classification of Living Things

  2. 1. Classification is a way to organize- group things based on similarities ex: cards in a deck 2. The first classification system was developed by Aristotle. - he grouped everything into 2 categories: plant and animal

  3. 3. Linnaeus developed the classification system we use today based on the following characteristics: 1. Physical characteristics ex: flowering plants are classified based on the # and similarities of their reproductive structures. 2. Evolutionary history(Phylogeny) ex: bats fly like birds, but their origins are shared with animals that have hair and feed milk to their young.

  4. 4. Linnaeus developed binomial nomenclature, a system that gives each organism 2 names. These names are always in Latin. 1. GENUS: group of closely related species * CAPITALIZED 2. species: specific type of organism * lower case ex: Quercus alba (White Oak) ex: Phoca vitulina (Harbor Seal)

  5. 5. The taxa are the groups that all living things are divided into. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species

  6. TaxonCorn House FlyHuman Kingdom Plantae Animalia Animalia Phylum Anthophyta Arthropoda Chordata Class Monocotyledon Insecta Mammalia OrderCommelinales Diptera Primates Family Poaceae Muscidae Hominidae GenusZeaMuscaHomo Speciesmaysdomesticasapiens

  7. Biologists that study classification are: taxonomists! The study of classification is called: taxonomy!

  8. Moneran’s are: Prokaryotes Some are autotrophic, others are heterotrophic, and some are even chemoautotrophic Unicellular Found anywhere and everywhere in the world. Come in three basic shapes. Some species cause illness. Others are used in the food industry to make certain foods. Kingdom: Monera

  9. Streptococcus- some can cause strept- throat and other illnesses. A Bacillus – one species is used to make yogurt. Spirillum- notice the flagella which helps it move.

  10. Protists are: Eukaryotic Some are autrotrophic and others are heterotrophic. A few can do both. Most are unicellular but some are multicellular. Algae range in size from microscopic to 20 meters in length (kelp). Used as food, in cosmetics, and in pharmaceuticals. Some species are harmful – even deadly. Kingdom: Protista

  11. A desmid – a microscopic algae. Plasmodium – a protozoan that causes malaria. Kelp – a type of brown algae. Diatoms – a protist used to make toothpaste.

  12. Fungi are: Eukaryotic Heterotrophic Mostly multicellular but a few are unicellular Digest their food outside of their “bodies” and then absorb it. One is used in the making of most breads. Others “eat” bread. Have a cell wall made of chitin just like insects. Some can cause disease. Kingdom: Fungi

  13. Yeast – a fungus used to make bread, wines, and beer. Rhizopus – a bread mold A fungul infection commonly known as “ringworm.”

  14. Plants are: Eukaryotic Autotrophic Multicellular Necessary for human survival in that they provide a means for shelter, food, medicine, entertainment, and of course, beauty. Range in size from 1 cm to taller than 275 feet Kingdom: Plantae

  15. Yummy fruits and veggies. A redwood tree and Aunt Mable and Uncle Albert. An orchid – a flowering plant that actually mimics their wasp pollinator.

  16. Animals are: Eukaryotic Heterotrophic Multicellular Animals are widely diverse: in where they live, in what and how they obtain food, in how they acquire oxygen, in how they move (if they do at all), and of course in how they look. Kingdom: Animalia

  17. A sea horse – a type of fish. Heartworm – a parasite. Sponge Bob and the real thing. A cougar – a deadly predator.

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