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History of Computers

History of Computers. 1. Computer History. Manual Calculators Mechanical Calculators Computer Prototypes Generations of Computers Personal Computers. 2. Manual Calculators.

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History of Computers

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  1. History of Computers The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 1

  2. Computer History Manual Calculators Mechanical Calculators Computer Prototypes Generations of Computers Personal Computers The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 2

  3. Manual Calculators Device that assists in the process of numeric calculations, but requires the human operator to keep track of the algorithm The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 3

  4. Manual Calculators Napier’s Bones (left) evolved into the slide rule (right). The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 4

  5. Mechanical Calculators Implements algorithms autonomously Schickard’s Calculator Pascaline Leibniz Calculator deColmar’s Arithmometer Difference Engine Analytical Engine Hollerith Tabulating Machine The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 5

  6. Mechanical Calculators The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 6

  7. Computer Prototypes An experimental device that typically must be further developed and perfected Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) Z3 The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 7

  8. Computer Prototypes IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (Harvard Mark I) COLOSSUS ENIAC The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 8

  9. Generations of Computers UNIVAC is considered the first commercially successful digital computer First-generation computers Vacuum tubes Second-generation computers Transistors The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 9

  10. Generations of Computers Third-generation computers Integrated circuits RCA Spectra 70 IBM 360 DEC PDP-8 IBM AS/400 Fourth-generation computers Microprocessor The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 10

  11. Personal Computers Mark-8 MITS Altair Apple I / Apple II VisiCalc The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 11

  12. Personal Computers IBM PC IBM PC XT Apple Lisa Xerox Alto Apple Macintosh The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics 12

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