MQF and Act 679: Compliance to MQF and Accreditation needs

1. MQF and Act 679: Compliance to MQF and Accreditation needs Mohamed Nadzri Mohd Yusoff (Hj.)

2. Presentation Outcomes At the end of the presentation, the participants will be able to: • Explain what is the Malaysian Qualification Agency (MQA) • Explain what is the Malaysian Qualification Framework (MQF) • State MOE’s 9 Learning Outcomes (LO) or graduate attributes • Differentiate between learning outcomes and learning domains • Explain what is learning outcomes in OBE • Explain different levels of outcomes in MOE/ MQA • Explain learning domains as describe by Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning Domains • Explain how to comply to MQF and what are the consequences under ACT 679 if compliances are not met

3. Malaysian qualification agency (mqa)

4. Act 679 (Akta MQA 2007)

5. What is MQA? • The Malaysian Qualifications Agency (Agensi Kelayakan Malaysia) or the MQA is a statutory body in Malaysia set up under the Malaysian Qualifications Act 2007 to: • Implement MQF • Accredit HE programmes and qualifications • Supervise and regulate quality and standard of HEP • Establish and maintain MQR

6. TYPE OF QUALITY ASSURANCE • Programme Accreditation • Institutional Audit • Audit for Self Accrediting Status (UM,UKM,USM,UPM, UTM, Monash Sunway, Nottingham Uni., Curtin Sarawak, Swinburne Sarawak) Equivalency assessment for local and foreign qualifications based on MQF, UK’s National Academic Recognition Information Centre(UK NARIC) and Australia’s Country Education Profiles(CEP Australia)

7. The Nine (9) Malaysian QA Areas

8. QUALITY DOCUMENTS Guidelines Available – Quality Assurance Documents • Code of Practice for Programme Accreditation (COPPA) • Code of Practice for Institutional Audit (COPIA) • Code of Practice for Open and Distance Learning (COPODL) • Programme Standards (18) • Standards (4) • Guides to Good Practice (3) • Malaysia Qualification Framework (MQF) + Malaysia Qualification Register (MQR)

9. QUALITY ASSURANCE APPLICATION

10. MALAYSIAN QUALIFICATION FRAMEWORK (MQF)

11. MQF in Act 679 (Akta MQA 2007)

12. MQF in Act 679 (Akta MQA 2007)

13. What is the MQF? MQF* Para 1 MQF is an instrument that develops and classifies qualifications based on a set of criteria that is approved nationally and at par with international practices, and which clarifies the earned academic levels, learning outcomesof study areas and credit systembased on student academic load. * The Malaysian Qualifications Agency (2007), The Malaysian Qualifications Framework, Kuala Lumpur. MQF.Roz.Roadshow

14. 3 MAIN FEATURES IN MQF (1) Level of Qualifications MQF (2) Learning Outcomes (3) Credit System

15. 7 Principles of the MQF Credit and Academic Load; Flexibility of movement; Educational Pathways for Individual Development (Lifelong Learning) • Recognition for qualifications (certificates to doctoral); • Recognition of awarding sectors; • Levels of Qualifications; • Learning Outcomes; MQF.Roz.Roadshow

16. General Principles 3 & 5: Levels of Qualifications & Minimum Graduating Credits Accredited Prior ExperientialLearning Note: * MGC = Minimum Graduating Credits Accredited Prior Experiential Learning MQF.Roz.Roadshow

17. General Principle 4: Learning Outcomes (MQF Para 15) – LO Domains 1 Knowledge 2 Practical Skills Social skills and responsibilities 3 4 5 6 Values, attitudes and professionalism Communication, leadership and team skills Problem solving and scientific skills 7 Information management and lifelong learning skills • MOE - LO • Knowledge • Practical Skills • Thinking and scientific skills • Communication skills • Social skills, teamwork and responsibility • Values, ethics, moral and professionalism • Information management and lifelong learning skills • Managerial and entrepreneurial skills • Leadership skills 8 Managerial and entrepreneurial skills MQF.Roz.Roadshow

18. MQF – Akta 679 Compliance to MQF is mandatory Accreditation is voluntary BUT is advised

19. BENEFITS OF ACCREDITATION Accreditation is a status or achievement as a result of quality assessment by MQA. It is a commitment by MQA to all stakeholders in higher education i.e students, parents, employer that the programmes accredited by MQA is quality-assured. (MQA)

20. BENEFITS OF ACCREDITATION Public Service Department (PSD) will use this accreditation status to recognise the qualification for employment in the public service. Professional bodies such as the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) will use the accreditation to recognise engineering graduates for registration as a professional engineers Students in accredited programmes are eligible to apply for loan from funding agencies such as National Higher Education Fund (PTPTN). (MQA)

21. BENEFITS OF ACCREDITATION Graduates are eligible to continue their studies in higher education institutions and obtain credit transfer. However, the final decision lies with the institution concerned. Graduates can be considered for employment in the public sector. In many cases, even private sector employer consider accredited programmes in their selection of graduates for employment. Institutions can franchise their accredited programmes to other institutions, subject to certain conditions. (MQA)

22. MQF – Akta 679 Compliance to MQF is mandatory Accreditation is voluntary BUT is advised

23. Accreditation – Act 679

24. Accreditation – Act 679

25. Accreditation – Act 679

26. MQF (1) : LEVEL OF QUALIFICATIONS

27. MQF(1) LEVEL OF QUALIFICATIONS • Level 1-3 Certificate • Level 4 Diploma • Level 5 Advance Diploma • Level 6 Bachelors • Level 7 Masters • Level 8 Doctoral

28. MQF(1) LEVEL OF QUALIFICATIONS These levels indicate their level of capabilities, and each level is described with generic features indicating the expected capabilities from students in terms of: • the depth, complexity and comprehension of knowledge; • the application of knowledge and skills; • the degree of autonomy and creativity in decision making; • the communication skills; and • the breadth and sophistication of practices.  

29. MQF(1) LEVEL OF QUALIFICATIONS

30. MQF(1) LEVEL OF QUALIFICATIONS * Credit Exemption = 1/3 total credit Bachelor = 40 credit = enter Sem.3 if have Diploma * Credit Exemption for Certificate 3 to Diploma 4 NOT allowed – Pekeliling MQA 2010 (???)

31. Mqf(2): LEARNING OUTCOMES

32. What are Learning Outcomes? • Learning outcomes are statements of what students know and can do as a result of their respective courses of study • Councils for Higher Education Accredition Board of Directors, USA 2002 • ii.A learning outcome is a statement of what a learner is expected to know, understand or be able to do as a result of a learning process. • Centre for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning, The Universty of Western Australia, 2004.

33. What are Learning Outcomes? • Learning outcomes are statements that explain what students should know, understand and can do upon the completion of a period of study. • Learning outcomes are references for standard and quality as well as for the development of curriculum in terms of teaching and learning, the determination of credits and the assessment of students. • In MQF, learning outcomes are asserted in three categories: • (i) levels of qualification; • (ii) fields of study; and • (iii) programme. • (MQF,2011)

35. Why are learning outcomes important? They are essential because they: • define the type and depth of learning, students are expected to achieve • provide an objective benchmark for formative, summative, and prior learning assessment • clearly communicate expectations to learners • clearly communicate graduates’ skills to the stakeholders • define coherent units of learning that can be further subdivided or modularized for classroom or for other delivery modes. • guide and organize the instructor and the learner.

36. Learning Outcomes (MOE-LO) • Knowledge • Practical Skills • Thinking and scientific skills • Communication skills • Social skills, teamwork and responsibility • Values, ethics, moral and professionalism • Information management and lifelong learning skills • Managerial and entrepreneurial skills • Leadership skills

37. Different Levels of Learning Outcomes Few years after Graduation – 4 to 5 years Programme Educational Objectives (PEO) Competent engineers who are leaders in ….. Employer Survey, Alumni Survey Upon graduation - Nine (9) MOE Learning Outcomes Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO) ..will be able to demonstrate critical thinking skills to solve My3S, Exit Survey, Prog.Survey Upon course completion Use Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning Domains (C/A/P) .. will be able to explain the physical principles of …… Course Learning Outcomes (CLO) Sum/Form/Cont. Assessments .. will be able to explain Archimedes principle of …… Upon topic completion Use Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning Domains (C/A/P) Weekly/Topic Outcomes Sum/Form/Cont. Assessments Shahrin Mohamed, 2007

38. Programme Educational Objectives (PEO) • Attributes of graduates 4 to 5 years after graduation • Example of PEO for Bachelor of Civil Engineering: • A civil engineer who is knowledgeable and technically competent in civil engineering discipline in-line with the industry requirement. • A civil engineer who is effective in communication and demonstrate good leadership quality in an organization. • A civil engineer who is capable to solve civil engineering problems innovatively, creatively and ethically through sustainable approach.

39. Programme Learning Outcome (PLO) • What students will be able to do upon graduation

40. Course Learning Outcome (CLO) • What students will be able to do upon the completion of a course • Example of CLO for the course: MANUFACTURING AND OPERATION ANALYSIS • At the end of the course, the students will be able to:- • Propose solution to manufacturing and operation problems using related theory and analytical methods (C5,A5, PO 3) • Organise in groups to study and present the application of advanced manufacturing and operation analysis methods based on a given topics (C5, A4, P5, PO4, PO5) • Explain the main concepts and methods obtained from literatures to professionally analyse the manufacturing and operation system (C6, A4, PO1, PO3, PO7)

41. OBJECTIVES vs. OUTCOMES

42. OBJECTIVES vs. OUTCOMES

43. LEARNING DOMAINS

45. Bloom’s Taxonomy • Bloom's Taxonomy is a classification of learning objectives within education. • It refers to a classification of the different objectives that educators set for students (learning objectives/outcomes). • Bloom's Taxonomy divides educational objectives into three "domains" : Affective, Psychomotor, and Cognitive.

46. Bloom’s Taxonomy • Within the taxonomy learning at the higher levels is dependent on having attained prerequisite knowledge and skills at lower levels (Orlich, et al. 2004). • A goal of Bloom's Taxonomy is to motivate educators to focus on all three domains, creating a more holistic form of education.

47. The 3 Domains of Educational Goals Cognitive Affective The Head The Heart Psychomotor 3H The Hand

48. Learning Outcomes Teamwork LO5 Ethics, Values LO6 Lifelong Learning & Info.Mgt LO7 Entrepreneurial & Managerial Skill LO8 Leadership Skill LO9 Critical Thinking Problem Solving LO3 Communication Skill LO4 Knowledge LO1 Practical Skills LO2 LEARNING DOMAINS Psychomotor / skills Cognitive Affective Higher order lower order Bloom,1956 Krathwohl,1964 Simpson,1972

49. Mqf(3): credit system

50. MQF Credit System How to calculate credit for a course? CREDIT = Total Std Learning Time (SLT) for the course 40 (notional hour) • SLT must include preparation time and assessment time • NOT based on lecture hours, tutorial hours or practical hours per week per semester