Bellringer February 22, 2012

1. Bellringer February 22, 2012 • Take out something to write with • Grab your clicker • Take everything else off of your desk

2. February 22, 2012 Chapter 14, Section 3:Life in Medieval Japan

3. Objective Today we will be learning about religion’s influence on medieval Japan.

4. Japanese Religion & Culture • *Most Japanese believe in both Buddhism & Shinto, but each religion had different beliefs or customs • *Shinto believed in the concern of daily life • *Buddhism believed in the life after death

5. Japanese Religion & Culture • Different Sects of Buddhism • Mahayana Buddhism • *Began in India & spread to China & Korea. • Other sects branch from MB

6. Japanese Religion & Culture • Pure Land Buddhism • * A type of MB • *A great life after death. • *Amida, the Buddha of love and mercy. • *They say that he found a paradise above the clouds and to get there, you had to have faith in Amida.

7. Japanese Religion & Culture • Zen Buddhism • *Find inner peace through self-control and a simple life. • *Learned martial arts, or sports that involve combat and self-defense. • *Practiced meditation, or sitting cross-legged for hours, with a mind clear of all thoughts and desires.

8. Japanese Religion & Culture • *The arts of Japan revealed the Japanese love of beauty and simplicity. • *Artisans made statues, furniture, & household items. They would put a shiny black and red coating, or lacquer.

9. Japanese Religion & Culture • *Japanese also made origami. This was a way of folding paper into decorations. • *Buddhist monks and samurai made a ceremony for drinking tea.

10. Japanese Religion & Culture • Shinto shrines were built by a natural feature that was beautiful. • The shrines usually only had a single room. • *The entrance of the Shinto shrine was through a sacred gate, or torii.

11. Japanese Religion & Culture • *During the middle ages the Japanese wrote many stories, poems, and plays. • They used a borrowed Chinese writing system. • *A.D. 800s – they added symbols that stood for sounds.

12. Japanese Religion & Culture • *Calligraphy was used in these. This is the art of writing beautifully. • *Tanka was the oldest form of poetry. It was a five-lined poem that did not rhyme.

13. Japanese Religion & Culture • *MurasakiShikibu wrote The Tale of Genji. (Maybe the world’s first novel.) • *The Tale of Heike was novel about the fight btw Taira & Minamoto clans. • *Noh was a type of play that used masks

14. Economy & Society • *Wealthy class: emperor, nobles w/the emperor, & military officials. • *Most Japanese were poor farmers. • *Japanese farmers provided most of Japan’s wealth.

15. Economy & Society • *In the 1100s, they used better irrigation. This made their job easier. • *Artisans started making weapons, armor, and tools. • *Kyoto became a major center of trade in Japan.

16. Economy & Society • *There, merchants/artisans made guilds, or za, to protect their profits. • *Japan also increased trade w/Korea, China, & SE Asia.

17. Economy & Society • *During the Middle Ages, Japan had extended families. • *The man was the head of the family.

18. Economy & Society • *Under Prince Shotoku, women had a high place in society. • *During the warrior society, women lost their freedoms.

19. Economy & Society • *On farms, women worked for a long time. They also cooked and cared for the children. • *In town, women helped run the family business & ran the home

20. Economy & Society • Despite this, women still made an impact. • *Tomoe was a famous female samurai. • She was described in The Tale of the Heike.

21. Homework