1 / 31

Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Exploration, Exploitation, and Gas Transport

Discover the potential of gas hydrate reservoirs for energy production and CO2 storage. Explore methods for methane extraction, storage of CO2 below seabed, and gas transport. Learn about the SUGAR Project and its innovative technologies.

karenedavis
Download Presentation

Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Exploration, Exploitation, and Gas Transport

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SUGAR Submarine Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Exploration, Exploitation and Gas Transport CO2 CH4 Klaus Wallmann and Jörg Bialas

  2. Hydrate Structure CH4× 5.7 H2O Water molecules Gas molecules

  3. Methane Hydrate Stability Gas Hydrate Tishchenko, Hensen, Wallmann & Wong (2005) Buffett & Archer (2004)

  4. Global Methane Hydrate Distribution Observations Source: Makogan et al., 2007

  5. Global Methane Hydrate Distribution Modeling Source: Klauda & Sandler (2005)

  6. Global Methane Hydrate Inventory in the Seabed Klau. (2005) Kven. (1999) Buff. (2004) Best estimate 3000 ± 2000 Gt C Mil. (2004)

  7. Global Methane Hydrate Inventory Coal Oil Gas Hydrate Source: Energy Outlook 2007, Buffett & Archer (2004) Coal, oil, gas: reserves economically exploitable at current market prices Gas Hydrates: total marine inventory

  8. Hydrate Exploitation • Methane gas may be produced from hydrate • deposits via: • Pressure reduction • Temperature increase • Addition of chemicals (incl. CO2)

  9. Hydrate Exploitation Energy balance for Blake Ridge (Makogon et al. 2007) 2000 m water depth, two ~3 m thick hydrate layers ~40 % of the potential energy can be used for energy production ~60 % of the potential energy is lost during development, gas production, gas pressurization and transport Japanese Hydrate Exploitation Program Hydrate exploitation is economically feasible at an oil price of ~54 $/barrel

  10. Gas Hydrates at the Chinese Continental Slope, South China Sea Source: N. Wu (2007, pers. comm.)

  11. Gas Hydrates at the Indian Continental Slope Source: M. V. Lall (2007, pers. comm.)

  12. Storage of CO2 below the Seabed SUGAR Safety, Costs

  13. Phase Diagram of CO2 Risk of leakage decreases with water depth Self-sealing at >350 m

  14. Natural Seepage at the Seafloor -Black Sea Gas Seeps- Source: Naudts et al. (2006)

  15. The SUGAR Project • Funded by German Federal Ministries (BMWi, BMBF) • Funding period: June 2008 – May 2011 • Total funding: ~13 Mio € (incl. support by industries)

  16. The SUGAR Project Prospection A: Exploration A1: Hydroacoustics A2: Geophysics A3: Autoclave-Drilling A4: Basin Modeling B: Exploitation and Transport B1: Reservoir Modeling B2: Laboratory Experiments B3: Gas Transport Exploration Quantification Exploitation/ CO2 Storage Pellet Transport

  17. SUGAR Partners

  18. A1: Hydro-acoustic detection of hydrate deposits - Hydrate deposits are usually formed by gas bubble ascent - Multi-beam echo-sounders will be further developed and used for flare imaging and hydrate location Hydrate Ridge off Oregon

  19. A2: Geo-acoustic imaging of hydrate deposits

  20. A2: Electro-magnetic imaging of hydrate deposits Joint inversion of seismic and electro-magnetic data

  21. A3: Autoclave-drilling technology - develop autoclave technology for MeBo - develop tool for formation independent drilling

  22. A4: Basin Modeling IFM-GEOMAR PetroMod3D (IES)

  23. B1, B2: Exploitation Reservoir modeling and lab experiments

  24. Hydrate Stability in Seawater (CO2 and CH4) Duan & Sun (2006) CO2 hydrates are thermodynamically more stable than CH4 hydrates

  25. CH4(g)-Recovery from Hydrates Exposed to CO2 CO2(l) Kvamme et al. (2007) after 200 h in sandstone CO2(l) Hiromata et al. (1996) after 400 h CO2(g)/N2(g) Park et al. (2006) after 15 h CO2(g) Lee et al. (2003) after 5 h

  26. B1, B2: Exploitation • Options • Addition of CO2(l), only • Addition of CO2(l) and heat from • - deep and warm formation waters (Schlumberger) • - surface water (UMSICHT, mega pump) • - in-situ methane burning (GFZ) • Addition of CO2(l) and polymers (BASF) • Addition of CO2(l) and other gases (IOW) • Exploitation may also be done in two steps • Step: Hydrate dissociation • Step: Injection of CO2(l) to refill the pore space • previously occupied by methane hydrates

  27. B1, B2: Exploitation • Critical issues that need to be addressed: • Sluggish kinetics of gas swapping • Slope stability (avoid steep terrain) • Integrity of the unconsolidated cap sediments (overpressure < 10 bar) • Permeability of reservoir sediments (use sands) • Clogging by CO2 hydrate formation at the • injection point (add polymers or heat) • CO2 content of the produced methane gas • (avoid very high temperatures)

  28. B3: Gas Transport Source: Gudmundsson (NTNU Trondheim), Aker Kvaerner, Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co.

  29. B3: Gas Transport Source: Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co.

  30. SUGAR Technologies

  31. International cooperation • with India, Brasilia, China, Norway, South Korea, US • to apply the SUGAR exploration techniques • to perform a field production test during the second • SUGAR phase starting in summer 2011

More Related