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Section A

Section A. Cyberdating Romance in Cyberspace. Leading in and exploring. Introduction to the Topic

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  1. Section A Cyberdating Romance in Cyberspace

  2. Leading in and exploring • Introduction to the Topic • You never know where you might meet the love of your life ! It could be in the street; It might be in the classroom; or it might be, on the internet ! It’s so easy to just type in all the qualities you desire in a person and then, right before your very eyes,cseveral matches from all over the world may appear. It’s crazy, but true! Technology is changing everything these days. How is it changing you?

  3. Leading in and exploring Warming-up Activities 1. Word exploring related words: • Cyberdate 网络约会cyberspace 网络世界 • Anonymity 匿名 deception欺骗 • Facility 设施 breakneck高速危险 • Exhibition 展览 astrology占星术

  4. Preparation • Getting the Message • Direction: Answer the following questions according to the text. • 1.What do you think of cyberdating? • 2.What do you think of online chatting? • 3.Is it possible for you to fall in love with someone in cyberspace? Imagine what it would be like if this happened to you. • 4.which is preferable: a face-to-face chat or an online chat?

  5. Reading Through Main Idea • Text A describes cyberdatings and the striking differences between meeting people online and in real life, offering people some tips on how to deal with person-to-person relations through this medium. It thus provides a picture of romance in cyberspace in modern society.

  6. New Words • Cyberdate 网络约会cyberspace 网络世界 • Anonymity 匿名 deception欺骗 • Facility 设施 breakneck高速危险 • Exhibition 展览 astrology占星术

  7. Detailed Study of Text A • 1.Anonymity can also lead to deception, of course. • Meaning: As people do not give or get real names or identities on the net, they can, without doubt, cheat or be cheated by others. • 2.Such self-exploration can be quite positive : a person can grow into the person they present. • Meaning: Analyzing and examining oneself online can be very helpful to

  8. : • A person’s development: and become , in real life, the sort of person he /she pretends to be on the Internet (for example, a shy person can try being more open on the Net)

  9. 3. "It's like our two lost souls caught a fever for each other and now we don't want it to end," says Chionsini.Meaning: Chionsini says, "It's as if we were two lonely people who met and are now wild with passion for each other. We just don't want it to stop." caught a fever for each other=had a strong passion for each other

  10. 4. Rooms may be used as an exhibition area directed toward singles, special interests such as astrology or biking, specific groups such as gays and lesbians, or people from different religions or geographic regions.Meaning: Chat rooms offer a boundless space for public use on the Internet where many kinds of people, such as homosexuals, people holding different religious beliefs or coming from different parts of the world, can get together to talk about special interests such as astrology or biking, etc.an exhibition area directed toward singles...=an exhibition area that is directed toward singles...Note that "singles", "special interests..." and "specific groups..." are the objects of the proposition "toward".

  11. 5.The hallways are where the real action is," says Alan Luxenberg of Philadelphia, who met his wife online. Meaning: "The hallways are the places where romances start after the partners' talks", says Alan Luxenberg of Philadelphia, whose marriage began as a cyber romance.6.Will the person they've gotten to know actually "be" the person as advertised?Meaning: They wonder whether the person they have become quite familiar with through online communication will really turn out to be the one presented/portrayed by him/herself?Note that the pattern get to + verb means to do something gradually or with the passing of time. (逐渐做；随时光流逝而变得)Note that as can be regarded as a relative pronoun that refers to the person. Hence as advertised is equivalent to as he has been advertised.

  12. 7. The accepted wisdom is that it's best for couples first to get to know one another through e-mail.Meaning: What would serve a man and a woman best would be to become familiar with one another through e-mail correspondence; this is the common-sense approach.Here, accepted means generally approved and adopted (公认的). Accepted wisdom means what one does is commonly held to be reasonable.8. If they decide to meet, they should be just as careful as they would be when meeting any stranger ─getting together in a public place with other people around. Meaning: If they felt like seeing each other, they should be as careful as possible. They should date their partners in a public place where other people frequently pass by, even though they have already spoken with their partners on the Internet for quite a while.

  13. cyberspace n. [U] the space made up of all the computer networks; the online world of computer networks 网络空间；网络世界[例] Nowadays, many people do business in cyberspace. 如今，很多人在网络上做生意。[例] Have you ever spent your Christmas in cyberspace? 你过过网络圣诞节吗？bee n.[C] a stinging insect that makes sweet honey, lives in large social groups, and is supposed to be very busy 蜜蜂[例] He was stung by a bee because he tried to steal honey. 他因为想偷蜜被蜜蜂蛰了。fiancé n. [C] (French) a man to whom a woman is engaged to be married （法）未婚夫[例] Can I introduce you to my fiancé? 请让我介绍我的未婚夫吧？[例] This is my fiancé John. We got engaged a few weeks ago. 这是我的未婚夫约翰，我们在几星期前订婚了。

  14. modemn. [C] a device (装置) in a network that converts signals from one form, which a computer understands, into another form, so that the signals can be sent from one computer to another along a telephone line, by radio, etc. 调制解调器[例] The modem doesn't work well. 这解调器不太好用。[例] You need to replace the modem. 你需要更换这解调器。anonymity n. [U] the condition of being unknown by name 无名，匿名[例] The defendants' anonymity was maintained until they were brought to court. 被告人的姓名一直没公开，直到他们被带上法庭时才予以披露。[例] Some people commit crimes by taking advantage of anonymity in cyberspace. 一些人利用网络匿名的特点犯罪。

  15. level n. 1. [C] a general standard of quality or quantity 水平，水准[例] a high level of achievement 高水平的成就[例] The level of your work is not satisfactory; you need to improve it. 你的工作水平不能令人满意，你需要改进。2. [C; U] a line or surface parallel to the ground; a position of height in relation to a flat surface 平面；层次[例] The garden is arranged on two levels. 这花园有高低两个层面。[例] The top of this mountain is six kilometers above sea level. 这座山的山顶海拔6,000米高。adj. having a surface that is flat and smooth; not sloping; horizontal 平（坦）的[例] a level spoonful of sugar 平平的一匙糖[例] A football field needs to be level. 足球场必须平坦。

  16. deceptionn. [C; U] the act of deceiving or something that deceives 欺骗；诈骗[例] practice deception with the public 欺骗公众耳目[例] This criminal is a master of trickery and deception. 这个罪犯是个诡计多端的家伙。engineering n. [U] the science or profession of an engineer 工程学；工程师行业[例] an engineering firm 一家工程公司[例] She studied engineering at university, but she became a housewife after graduation. 她在大学读的是工程学；毕业后却成了家

  17. scriptn. 1. [C] a written form of a speech, play, film, or broadcast （演讲、广播等的）原稿；（戏剧、电影的）脚本[例] The script was delivered to the director ahead of schedule. 剧本已提前送交导演了。[例] We always rely on him to revise the script. 我们总是靠他改剧本。2. [singular; U] writing done by hand, especially as in English with the letters of words joined 手迹；笔迹[例] She wrote the paper with a flowing script. 她用流利的草体写论文。breakneck adj. very fast or dangerous 高速而危险的[例] driving at breakneck speed 以危险的高速开车

  18. Section B Meeting E-relations in the real World Is a Trip

  19. Background Information • 1.South africa • South Africa is one of the most diverse and enchanting countries in the world. Exotic combination of landscapes , people, history and culture offer a larger-than-life experience for the travellers in search of a truly unique and inspiring experience. • 2.Canada • A land of vast distances and rich natural resources, Canada became s self-governing domination in 1867 while retaining ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically the nation has developed in parallel with the US.

  20. Reading More • 1.As I step out of the elevator, she offers her hand.Meaning: As I leave (or walk out of) the lift, she extends (or puts out) her hand to me (to be shaken).Notice the use of present tense to describe the past event. The purpose of using the present tense here is to dramatize the narration of the story.Also note that when we say somebody offers his/her hand, it usually means he/she extends his/her hand to be shaken as a sign of friendship. Here, offer implies readiness to do or give something.2. This is the first time we've met in person...Meaning: This is our first personal meeting since the start of our e-mail exchanges (or: since the establishment of our e-relationship)."We've met in person..." can be regarded as a relative clause (关系从句) with the conjunction (连词) that or when omitted. Note that the predicate verb in this kind of clause always takes the perfective aspect

  21. 3. Although it's a fairly value-neutral comment on my appearance, it still leaves me wondering...Meaning: Although her comment on what I look like does not reflect a strong sense of like nor of dislike on her part, it makes me think a lot ...Value-neutral essentially means that the person making the comment really is not invested, one way or the other, in what he/she is saying. Its opposite is value-laden.I don't like it when people are value-neutral. 当有人不明确表示自己的价值观时我不喜欢。Notice the structure "leave somebody doing something" (meaning "leave and let somebody do something alone"):She left me standing on the bridge. 她离开了，抛下我一人站在桥上。The mother went out for work, leaving her young son playing alone in the sitting room. 这位母亲出去工作了，抛下小儿子孤单单地在起居室里

  22. 4.Personalities and compelling personal details and stories have leaked into the exchanges.Meaning: In the course of the e-mail exchanges, personalities and exciting personal details and stories have been shared between my e-friends and me.compelling personal details: the most interesting and intimate details of a person's private life (often used as gossip)5.I have learned about people's lives: lost loves and active grudges, family histories, personal finances, career ambitions and opinions. Meaning: I have been informed of people's lives: the loss of their loved ones and their strong and continuous resentment, family histories, personal incomes, career dreams and opinions.

  23. 6. I know much more about some of these people than others with whom I have regular face time, people with whom I've been acquainted for years, but in reality hardly know at all.Meaning: I have a much better understanding of the friends whom I have gotten to know through e-mail correspondence than of those friends whom I see on a regular basis. Although I've gotten along with my regular friends and acquaintances for many years, in fact I don't quite know them.The clause "with whom I have regular face time" modifies "others"."People with whom I've been acquainted for years, but in reality hardly know at all" is in apposition (同位) with "others".

  24. 7. 11. ... or possibly even more importantly, how you think you're seen, which affects how comfortable you are.Meaning: ... or probably what matters more is how a person thinks of others' opinions about him/herself. This kind of belief determines how much confidence a person may have in him/herself in meeting others.Here "which" stands for "how you think you're seen".8.I don't want to suggest that e-relationships are all confessional, or even that they're necessarily more honest.Meaning: I don't mean that e-relationships are entirely frank as if it were a case of confession, nor do I mean that e-relationships are more truthful or genuine (than our regular relationships).Note that the verb suggest is not used in the sense of making a proposal. Otherwise, the predicate verb in the objective clause (宾从) would be in thesubjunctive mood. Suggest means indicate or hint in thi sentence, governing two objective clauses. Note that while the conjunction that in the first clause is omissible, the second that must be retained in the clause.

  25. 9. Still, with e-mail, the whole exchange is distilled into thoughts and words.Meaning: When communicating by e-mail, all emotions, thoughts, and connections are made through typed messages only. In other words, the only way to express what one thinks and feels is through the written words. This is quite unlike face-to-face communication where we may communicate both with and without words (i.e. through facial expressions, touch, and words).10. For anyone who ever wants to be judged for "who they really are", e-mail is the answer.Meaning: If people want others to get to know who they really are on the inside, e-mail is the best way.The underlying meaning (深层意义) is that in our conventional way of making friends, we tend to judge others by their appearances. But for those people who may be afraid of being judged by how they look, e-mail is a great way to share their true selves, without the fear of someone not taking them seriously because of physical impressions.

  26. advent n. (singular) the arrival or coming of (an important event, period, invention, etc.) 出现，来临[例] People are much better informed since the advent of television. 自从有了电视，人们的消息灵通多了。[例] Now, with the advent and popularity of the home computer, its advantages and disadvantages have been a subject of discussion. 现在，随着家用电脑的出现和普及，人们开始讨论其优缺点。semi-anonymousadj. partially unknown 半匿名的[例] This is a semi-anonymous letter. 这是一封半匿名信件。pal n. [C] (informal) a close friend 好友，密友[例] an old pal of mine 我的一位老朋友[例] To tell you the truth, we've been pals for years! 说实话，我们已是多年的好朋友了！

  27. Testing YourselfGetting the Message • 1: What does she do as the writer steps out of the elevaor? • A: She greets me B: She holds me in her arms • C:She lets me kiss her hand • D: She slaps me • 2: Why does the woman’s value-neutral comment on the writer’s appearance still leave him wondering? • A: He does not have her picture • B; He thought she was an old lady before • C: Her beauty attracts him to the point that he cannot move • D: He is too shy

  28. 3.Why does the writer say he is global? • A: He goes around the world • B: He reads world news on the Internet • C: His e-mail connections are global as heworks , through e-mail , with people in south Africa, Singapore, Canada, and a dozen U,S. cities. • D: His business covers the whole world market • 4. He has learned everything about people’s lives except for which of the following: • A: he has learned about their lost loves • B: he has learned about their personal finances • C:He he has learned about their career ambitions • D: he has learned about their hobbis

  29. Section C Understanding and Writing Business Letters

  30. About Writing Business Letters • 1. 商业信函通常由以下几个部分组成(前七部分缺一不可)，其正确的写法应为： • 1）寄信人的地址(Sender’s name)：英文书信的地址应从小到大，先写门牌号码，再写街道、城镇、省或州及邮政编码，最后是国家名称。国家名称的每一个字母都要大写。 • 2）日期(Date)：日期写在作者地址的下边。 • 3）收信人地址(Receiver’s sddress)：包括姓名，职务（如适用），公司名称(如适用)，街道名称或信箱号，城市，州或省，邮政编码和国家，常写在左手边，在日期线和称呼之间。 • 4）称呼语(Salutation)：是信开头对收信人的称呼，写在地址下两三行处.称呼后可以写冒号或逗号；在商业信函或其他正式书信中，用冒号，在非正式书信中，称呼后用逗号。除非写信人与收信人熟到可以直呼其名，否则通常要在收信人名字前加上“Mr.”，“Professor”等表示礼貌的头衔。

  31. 5）正文(Body)：正文的格式多种多样，有齐头式(又叫板块式，Blocked Style)，缩进式(Indented Style)和混合式(Modified Style)，商业信函最好使用齐头式。 • 6）结尾(Closing)：是写在信尾的告别话语，例如“Sincerely”，“Sincerely yours”。通常位于正文两三行以下。第一个单词的第一个字母要大写，最后以逗号结 • ：7）签名(Signature)写信人的签名、名字和头衔(如果适用)，写在信尾问候同侧三四行以下的位置。 • 8）头衔(Title) 9）附件(Enclosure)：附言用来说明没有包括在信中的想法和内容.通常在头衔下两三行的地方，从左侧顶格写起.在促销和私人信件中，附言也可以用来强调写信人请求收信人采取的行动和做出的考虑。

  32. About Writing Business Letters • 2. 商业信函的格式基本上可以分为以下三种 • 1) 齐头式又叫板块式，在齐头式书信中，全部内容包括日期和信尾问候语，都从左侧顶格开始。段落开头不空格(见格式一)，而私人信件通常不用齐头式。 • 2) 缩进式，也是使用最为广泛的一种格式，商业和私人信件都可以使用，尽管在私人信件中不一定要写回信地址和封内地址.使用没有印刷信头的普通信纸时，这种格式最合适。与齐头式不同，发信人地址、日期，结尾和签名都从中间偏右开始写，其余部分从左边开始，且每段开头空两格（见格式二）。 • 3) 混合式，大致与缩进式相似，所不同的是每段的开始不空格（见格式三）。

  33. Sample Reading • Sample 1:Block Style • (1) (Sender’s address:) • Dept. of Geology • Zhejiang University • Hangzhou,Zhejiang, 310013 • China • (2) Date June 25, 2001 • (3) (receiver’s address:) • Director • Dept. of Geology • Columbia University • New York, NY10027 • U.S.A. 

  34. Sample Reading • Dear Sirs, I read in Newsweek (September 14, 1987) that an updated second edition of the unabridged Randon House • Dictionary of the English Language is being published. I would be very grateful if you could give me some information on where and how I can get a copy of the dictionary and if there is a less expensive edition thanthe one described • Thank you for any help you can give me. • Sincerely, • Saunders • . • M

  35. Useful Structures I. Opening Sentences I was glad to receive your letter of ... With great delight I learn that... I have the pleasure to tell you that... I have just received your kind letter. Your kind letter of ...arrived this morning. As I have not heard of you for a long time, I feel anxious... I was so glad to have your letter yesterday. Your letter of... was duly received. I have just received your kind letter dated... I have been meaning to write for a long time. I know I should have written long before this. We were pleased to know from your letter of...

  36. Useful Structures II. Closing Sentences I hope to hear from you soon. I look forward to our next meeting. Your kind early reply will be appreciated. Won’t you let us hear from you promptly. The help you send is sincerely valued. Hoping for an early reply. Looking forward to hearing from you. Remember me to your... Present my compliments to... You have my best wishes for your continued success I hope I shall receive your favorable reply. I would be grateful if you could let me know as soon as possible.Your prompt attention to this matter is appreciated. We highly appreciated for your kind co-operation in this matter.Your early attention to this matter is highly appreciated

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