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1. The epipelagic (photic) zone is found between ___.

1. The epipelagic (photic) zone is found between ___. 0 and 200 meters 200 and 1000 meters 1000 and 4000 meters 4000 meters and the bottom . 1. The epipelagic zone is found between ___. 0 and 200 meters 200 and 1000 meters 1000 and 4000 meters 4000 meters and the bottom.

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1. The epipelagic (photic) zone is found between ___.

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  1. 1. The epipelagic (photic) zone is found between ___. 0 and 200 meters 200 and 1000 meters 1000 and 4000 meters 4000 meters and the bottom

  2. 1. The epipelagic zone is found between ___. 0 and 200 meters 200 and 1000 meters 1000 and 4000 meters 4000 meters and the bottom

  3. 2. Energy transfer from one level of a trophic pyramid to another is about ___ . • a. 10% • b. 20% • c. 50% • d. 90%

  4. 2. Energy transfer from one level of a trophic pyramid to another is about ___ . • a. 10% • b. 20% • c. 50% • d. 90%

  5. 3. What color light penetrates to the greatest depths? • A. violet • B. red • C. blue-green • D. yellow

  6. 3. What color light penetrates to the greatest depths? • A. violet • B. red • C. blue-green • D. yellow

  7. 4. Most of the surface area of the worlds’ oceans is ___. • A. characterized by upwelling • B. full of plants and animals • C. high in nutrients • D. low in plants and animals

  8. 4. Most of the surface area of the worlds’ oceans is ___. • A. characterized by upwelling • B. full of plants and animals • C. high in nutrients • D. low in plants and animals

  9. 5. The spring bloom is caused by ___. • A. increased light • B. high nutrient levels • C. low mortality by zooplankton • D. increasing temperature • E. all of the above

  10. 5. The spring bloom is caused by ___. • A. increased light • B. high nutrient levels • C. low mortality by zooplankton • D. increasing temperature • E. all of the above

  11. 3. Why does the strengthening of the thermocline affect the spring bloom? • A. it causes vertical stability in the water column • B. it reduces the vertical influx of nutrients into the upper water column • C. the surface waters become warmer • D. all of the above

  12. 3. Why does the strengthening of the thermocline affect the spring bloom? • A. it causes vertical stability in the water column • B. it reduces the vertical influx of nutrients into the upper water column • C. the surface waters become warmer • D. all of the above

  13. 4. Most zooplankton are ____. • A. small animals that live in the water column • B. animals that swim wherever they want to go • C. animals that live in the upper 200 meters day and night • D. animals that live mainly below 200 meters day and night

  14. 4. Most zooplankton are ____. • A. small animals that live in the water column • B. animals that swim wherever they want to go • C. animals that live in the upper 200 meters day and night • D. animals that live mainly below 200 meters day and night

  15. 5. Bioluminescence is used by deeper living animals _____ . • A. to distract predators • B. all of these • C. to lure prey • D. to camouflage their bodies from predators • E. to signal to other members of a school

  16. 5. Bioluminescence is used by deeper living animals _____ . • A. to distract predators • B. all of these • C. to lure prey • D. to camouflage their bodies from predators • E. to signal to other members of a school

  17. 1. Echolocation is something used by some marine mammals to do what? a. detect ocean currents b. as an aid in feeding c. to allow satellite tracking of their migration patterns

  18. 1. Echolocation is something used by some marine mammals to do what? a. detect ocean currents b. as an aid in feedingc. to allow satellite tracking of their migration patterns

  19. 2. In the open ocean, feeding aggregations of predators can include all of the following except . • tuna b. dolphins c. seals d. whales e. none of these

  20. 2. In the open ocean, feeding aggregations of predators can include all of the following except . • tuna b. dolphins c. seals d. whales e. none of these

  21. 3. Some bathypelagic fishes have adapted to their environment by _____ . a. having thick, pressure-resistant skin b. being transparent c. being able to swallow large prey d. being neutrally buoyant e. all of these

  22. 3. Some bathypelagic fishes have adapted to their environment by _____ . a. having thick, pressure-resistant skin b. being transparent c. being able to swallow large prey d. being neutrally buoyant e. all of these

  23. 5. There are about as many fish per cubic meter at 3000 meters as there are in the upper 100 meters of the oceanic zone. TRUE FALSE

  24. 5. There are about as many fish per cubic meter at 3000 meters as there are in the upper 100 meters of the oceanic zone. TRUE FALSE

  25. 1. If you were a bathypelagic fish and used bioluminescent "headlights" to find prey, what color of light would be most effective at close range? a. blue-green b. yellow c. violet d. red

  26. 1. If you were a bathypelagic fish and used bioluminescent "headlights" to find prey, what color of light would be most effective at close range? a. blue-green b. yellow c. violet d. red

  27. 2. Barnacles show which type of living strategy? a. attached b. free living c. burrowing

  28. 2. Barnacles show which type of living strategy? a. attached b. free living c. burrowing

  29. 3. The most common substrate in a high wave energy environment is . a. sand b. rock c. mud d. clay

  30. 3. The most common substrate in a high wave energy environment is . a. sand b. rock c. mud d. clay

  31. 4. In most of the benthic environment, organisms ___ . . a. live with lots of light b. live with limited amounts of light c. live in complete darkness

  32. 4. In most of the benthic environment, organisms ___ . . a. live with lots of light b. live with limited amounts of light c. live in complete darkness

  33. 5. Which of these statements is NOT true? • a. Most of the deep-sea floor consists of • soft sediments • b. Most deep-sea benthic organisms are • deposit feeders • c. Kelp plants grow attached to exposed lava • along mid-ocean spreading centers • d. Sea urchings and brittle stars are very common • deep-sea benthic organisms

  34. 5. Which of these statements is NOT true? • a. Most of the deep-sea floor consists of • soft sediments • b. Most deep-sea benthic organisms are • deposit feeders • c. Kelp plants grow attached to exposed lava • along mid-ocean spreading centers • d. Sea urchings and brittle stars are very common • deep-sea benthic organisms

  35. 1. Primary producers in hydrothermal vent • communities are ______. • a. zooxanthellae • b. algae • c. sulfur-oxidizing bacteria • d. eyeless shrimp

  36. 1. Primary producers in hydrothermal vent • communities are ______. • a. zooxanthellae • b. algae • c. sulfur-oxidizing bacteria • d. eyeless shrimp

  37. 2. Vent communities similar to hydrothermal vent communities are found in what type of setting? a. intertidal mudflats b. estuaries c. abyssal plains d. trenches e. oil and gas seeps

  38. 2. Vent communities similar to hydrothermal vent communities are found in what type of setting? a. intertidal mudflats b. estuaries c. abyssal plains d. trenches e. oil and gas seeps

  39. 3. The group of fish species that contribute • the most to the annual catch are _____. • a. tunas, bonitos, billfishes • b. molluscs - squid, octopods, mussels, clams, scallops • c. cods, hakes, haddocks • d. herring, sardines, anchovies

  40. 3. The group of fish species that contribute • the most to the annual catch are _____. • a. tunas, bonitos, billfishes • b. molluscs - squid, octopods, mussels, clams, scallops • c. cods, hakes, haddocks • d. herring, sardines, anchovies

  41. By-catch in marine fisheries is ? • a. the inedible portion of the catch • b. species caught incidentally with a targeted species • c. all of these • d. mostly dead non-targeted individuals that are • thrown back • e. none of these

  42. By-catch in marine fisheries is ? • a. the inedible portion of the catch • b. species caught incidentally with a targeted species • c. all of these • d. mostly dead non-targeted individuals that are • thrown back • e. none of these

  43. 5. Which of these statements is NOT true? • a. Vent communities are not photosynthetically • based • Most deep-sea (>1,000 m) bottom fishes • are scavengers • c. Most pelagic fish stocks are under unprecedented • stress due to overfishing • d. Habitat destruction is not a serious problem • in bottom trawling fisheries

  44. 5. Which of these statements is NOT true? • a. Vent communities are not photosynthetically • based • Most deep-sea (>1,000 m) bottom fishes • are scavengers • c. Most pelagic fish stocks are under unprecedented • stress due to overfishing • d. Habitat destruction is not a serious problem • in bottom trawling fisheries

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