Philip J. Leaf, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins University Susan G. Keys, Ph.D.

1. BUILDING CAPACITY FOR UNIVERSAL PREVENTION THROUGHSTATE-NONPROFIT-UNIVERSITY-SCHOOL SYSTEM PARTNERSHIPS Philip J. Leaf, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins University Susan G. Keys, Ph.D. Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration Susan Barrett Sheppard Pratt Health System Milt McKenna Maryland State Department of Education

2. Goals of Presentation • Describe universal school interventions as part of a theory of change • Describe universal school interventions as part of a continuum of services. • Why more is better when implementing universal interventions • Developing a true continuum of interventions: Our experiences in Maryland

3. What populations should the service reach/impact? What strategies do we think will help us accomplish this? What do we want to accomplish? Articulating a Theory of Change Building Blocks of a “Theory of Change” What populations are being reached/ impacted? What strategies are being provided? What have we accomplished? Tracking the Results of Implementation

4. Using a Public Health Process to Help Identify the Need for Change • Detect and define a problem through surveillance. • Determine the causes of the problem. • Develop and test interventions for preventing or remediating the problem. • Implement the interventions.

6. CommunityResources (facilities, stakeholders, programs, services) School Resources (facilities, stakeholders, programs, services) Systems for Positive Youth Development & Systems of Prevention Primary Prevention (low end need/low cost Per student programs) Systems of Early Intervention early-after-onset (moderate need, moderate Cost per student) Systems of Care Treatment of severe and Chronic problems (High end need/high cost Per student programs)

7. PBIS Positive Behavioral Interventions: Changing Systems and Procedures to Prevent Youth Violence • Developed by Drs. George Sugai and Robert Horner from the University of Oregon and evolved by many others. • Is supported by the US Department of Education: Currently implemented in over 1300 schools in the United States.

8. PBIS • A school-based intervention for reducing disruptive and aggressive behaviors. • An approach to school discipline using a positive reward structure and universal, selective, and indicated preventive interventions; and remedial services.

9. POSITIVE BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS and SUPPORTS

10. What does PBIS look like in Maryland?

11. PBIS Schools in Maryland

12. Maryland Implementation Model • State Advisory for Positive School Climate • PBIS State Leadership Team • PBIS Project Management Team • Local School System Point-of-Contact • School System Coaches • School-based Leadership Teams

13. Parent Advocacy • State Board Member • Policy Makers • PBS Executive Team • Core Agency • Gov office • Title I • MSDE • JHU • SPHS • Locals • Grant/foundation • LSS • SPHS • MSDE/SP

14. State Advisory Board • Need for diversity of views • Need for representation from multiple jurisdictions • Role of non-governmental participants • Inclusion of family members • Overall goals and correspondence with stakeholders

15. (Multiple small counties) District Team Regional Team District Team • Coordinator • Director SS • Director Sp. Ed. • Curriculum • Staff Development • School Board Member • Coach • Parent Cluster Team Cluster Team Cluster Team School Teams School Teams School Teams SST/RST SST/RST SST/RST

16. State Leadership Team:Diversified • MSDE Division of Special Education/ Early Intervention Services • MSDE Division of Student and School Services • Sheppard Pratt Health System • Johns Hopkins University • LSS Behavior Support Coaches

17. Visibility Political Support Funding Leadership Team Active Coordination Evaluation Training Coaching Local School Teams/Demonstrations

18. State Leadership Team Functions • Set policy • Provide support for local leadership • Influence System of Change at District Level • Assess Training Needs • Provide Training and Technical Assistance • Monitor Outcomes features of implementation referrals other indicators

19. State Management Team • MSDE • Sheppard Pratt Health System • Johns Hopkins University

20. Focus of Collaboration • Project planning and management • Site visits • Training • Development and revision of materials, including on-line tutorial • System change to support large scale dissemination • Sharing of resources • Evaluation

21. State System-level Structures • System Point of Contact – Director of Student Services • School System PBIS Coordinator • Lead Coach Facilitator • Coaches

22. Roles and Responsibilities of PBIS Coaches • MONITOR PBIS IMPLEMENTATION IN SCHOOLS • MAINTAIN A RECORD OF THE SCHOOL’S EFFORT TO IMPLEMENT PBIS • ASSIST WITH THE FACILITATION OF TEAM MEETINGS • FACILITATE SWIS TRAINING (SCHOOL WIDE INFORMATION SYSTEM OVERVIEW) • SERVE AS A LIASON BETWEEN THE SCHOOL DISTRICT AND OUTSIDE AGENCIES

23. School Structures • Supportive and Engaged Administrator • PBIS School Team • SWIS • Coach

24. Going to Scale • Changing Role of Leadership Team • Capacity Building • Building local training capacity • Identification of regional coordinators • Investment in Systematic Statewide evaluation • Expansion of Returning Teams • Advisory Team • Training Modules • Website • Online Tutorial

25. Sustaining PBIS • Exemplar Program • Regular State-Wide & Regional Meetings • Coaches • Team Leaders • Ongoing Training • Ongoing Support: • Behavior Support Coaches • District Level Team and • State Leadership Team

26. Annual Events • Spring Forum (April 5th) • July Institute • Coaches Meetings (5/year) • Regional Team Leader/Coach Meetings (2/year) • Schools serving students with special needs - MANSEF (2/year) • High Schools – (2/year)

27. Project Target Evaluating PBIS in Maryland

28. Collecting Data Related to: • Fidelity of PBIS implementation • Student behavior • Need for/referral for mental health services • Need for/referral for special education services • School characteristics • Student achievement • Teacher characteristics • School demographics

29. Project Target Funding to support the evaluation has been acquired through the combined resources of the Maryland State Department of Education and the JHU Center for the Prevention of Youth Violence, and through grants to Johns Hopkins University from the National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH067948) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (RA49/CCR318627).

30. Useful Web Links JHU Center for the Prevention of Youth Violence Website: www.jhu.edu/preventyouthviolence Maryland Website for PBIS: http://www.pbismaryland.org University of Oregon Center for Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports: pbis.org

31. CONTACT INFORMATION Philip Leaf – Center for the Prevention of Youth Violence, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205 pleaf@jhpsh.edu 410 955-3962 Susan Keys – Center for Mental Health Services, susan.keys@samsha.hhs.gov, 240-276-1865 Milt McKenna – Maryland State Department of Education, mmckenna@msde.state.md.us, 410-767-0304 Susan Barrett, Sheppard Pratt Health System, sbarrett@sheppardpratt.org, 410-938-3650