Education in The Medieval Era

1. Education in The Medieval Era Presented by Rebecca Black and Amy Anderson

2. Imagine a time of lords and ladies, immense castles, and brave knights.

3. Imagine a era when land owners worked diligently to cultivate the fields and knights served the Feudal lord to protect the land.

4. Imagine a time when the main educational agency was the church where divinely sanctioned teaching rested on scripture and doctrine. Fountains Abbey, England

5. Imagine a time when reality was viewed as unchanging and stable without regard to working toward a better future – a time when all looked toward a better future as promised by the church.

6. Imagine yourself in the medieval era Ludlow Castle, England

7. Medieval Times • Religious values well defined • Political, Social and Economic values-fragmented • Education managed and maintained by the church

8. Three Types of Educational Institutions • Clergy Preparation • Chivalric Training • Craft and Vocational Education • Three leveled system corresponding to the class structure – specific education for cleric, knights, and craftsmen

9. Serfs • The largest group of the population- a permanently indentured agricultural class remained largely unschooled • Learning occurred as the observed their parents using the skills needed to survive

10. Church Related Schools • Access to education limited • Early in medieval era abbeys were directed to provided some education to “capable boys” • Male dominated • Directed at preparing priests and other clerics Mont-Saint Michel, France

11. Church Related Schools Four types of church related schools provided basic or elementary education • Parish • Chantry • Monastic • Cathedral

12. Parish Schools • A congregation served by a priest • Provided elementary education • Religious rituals • Music needed for the celebration of Mass • Secondarily : reading, writing and music

13. Chantry Schools • Supported by an endowment • Trained boys in Latin so that they could chant the responses needed in celebrating the liturgy

14. Monastic Schools • Trained monks either as priests or brothers • Church doctrine • Community regula • Reading, Latin, simple arithmetic, and religious doctrine • Monasteries were literary, artistic and intellectual centers

15. Nunneries/ Convents • Religious and educational formation for future nuns • Usually beginning around the age of 7 • Some girls returned to the secular world after completing their studies • Latin, singing, religious doctrine, embroidery, spinning and weaving, painting

16. Cathedral Schools • Result of the decline of monastic schools stimulated by the revival of the cities • Required of each Bishop’s church to maintain a school to educate priests, clerics and the poor • Offered both elementary and secondary education • General or liberal studies • Occasionally reading and writing in Latin

17. Castles Monasteries & Priories Cathedrals & Ministers Parish Churches Other Medieval Places of Learning www.pitt.edu/~medart/

18. Chivalric Education • Early • Between the ages of 7 and 15 • Serve at the court of his father’s lord • Practiced manners and gestures of court life • Learned how to be a gentleman • Sing and play a musical instrument -maybe learned to read and write a vernacular language

19. Chivalric Education • Squire • Age 14 – 21 • Served as an attendant for the lord of the castle or one of the knights of the court • Professional skills of knighthood Hunting, warfare, care of armor, arms and horse • Cultural Aspects of knighthood singing, recitation, composing verse, exaggerated politeness, dancing, story telling, chivalric symbols, coats of arms

20. Chivalric Education • Knighthood • Age 21 • Inducted by an overlord and church officials -Dedicated to serving his lords

21. Vocational and Craftsman Education • Not formal schools but well defined • Apprentice • Journeyman • Master Craftsman Role of the MasterApprentice teach trade work diligently look after morals/religion keep craft secrets provide food, lodging and obedient to the Master a small stipend Maybe teach reading and writing

23. Medieval Universities • Historical Setting • Social • Political

24. Medieval Universities • Organization • Student Centered vs. Faculty Centered • At first, no permanent campus

25. Medieval Universities • Curriculum • Specialties • Degrees • Educational Philosophies

26. Medieval Universities • Links to Modern Times • Similarities • Differences

27. The Renaissance • Transition from medieval to modern • Revival of commerce and city life • Decline of the Roman Catholic Church • Shift in education mirrors political shift

28. The Renaissance and Education • Humanistic Educational Philosophy aimed at producing the well-rounded, liberally educated person • Classical Greek and Latin literatures led to a cultured person • Style of writing could lead to elegance of style and expression

29. The Renaissance and Education Women’s Education • Women of upper socioeconomic classes enjoyed more educational advantages • Provided by convent schools, tutors, or classical humanist court schools • Upper class families employed resident tutors • Instruction provided to both boys and girls • Large numbers of women remained uneducated

30. References • About.com. History of the medieval child. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://historymedren.about.com/library/weekly/aa033001b.htm

31. References • California State University at Pomona. The Educational Legacy of Medieval and Renaissance Traditions. Database online. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/medrenais_home.html. • Cambridge University. Speaking Volumes: The Medieval Library. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/exhibitions/volumes/medieval.html.

32. References • Cambridge University. A Brief History: The Medieval University. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.cam.ac.uk/cambuniv/pubs/history/medieval.html. • Education of medieval women. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.csupomona.edu/!plin/ls201/medieval3.html

33. References • Dartford Town Archive. Educational provision in medieval Dartford. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.darfordarchive.org.uk/medieval/ education.shtml • Gutek, G.L. (1995). A history of the western educational experience. Prospect Heights, Illinois.

34. References • Medieval-Life.net. (2000). Medieval education. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.medieval-life.net/education.htm • Ross, D. & Britain Express.com. Medieval schools and universities. Access 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.britainexpress.com/History/Medieval_ Schools_and_Universities.htm

35. References • Sullivan, Eugene. An Academic Costume Code and An Academic Ceremony Guide. Accessed 11 September 2006. Available from http://www.acenet.edu/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Frequently_Asked_Questions3&Template=/CM/HTMLDisplay.cfm&ContentID=8086#Historical. • Trueman,C. Medieval Education. Accessed 11 Septemeber 2006. Available from http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/medieval_education.htm

36. Music Credits The ensemble of old church music "Sreteniye". Ancient church singing of Bysantine, Georgia and Rus • English Renaissance Music by La Primavera. Published by Magnatune