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Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment. Learning Objectives. Demonstrate knowledge of the principles of infection control Recognize gaps in infection control infrastructure Demonstrate proper selection and use of personal protective equipment. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

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Personal Protective Equipment

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  1. Personal Protective Equipment

  2. Learning Objectives • Demonstrate knowledge of the principles of infection control • Recognize gaps in infection control infrastructure • Demonstrate proper selection and use of personal protective equipment

  3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • When used properly can protect you from exposure to infectious agents • Know what type of PPE is necessary for the duties you perform and use it correctly

  4. Types of PPE • Gloves • Gowns • Masks (surgical and particulate respirator) • Boots • Eye protection (goggles and face shields)

  5. Precaution Levels **All levels require hand hygiene** • Standard Precautions Transmission based precautions: • Contact Precautions • Droplet Precautions • Airborne Precautions

  6. Standard Precautions • Prevent the transmission of common infectious agents • Hand washing key • Assume infectious agent could be present in the patient’s • Blood • Body fluids, secretions, excretions • Non-intact skin • Mucous membranes

  7. PPE for Standard Precautions Wear: • Gloves • Gowns • Eye Protection and / or Mask If: • Touching • Respiratory secretions • Contaminated items or surfaces • Blood & body fluids • Soiling clothes with patient body fluids, secretions • Procedures are likely to generate splashes / sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions

  8. Contact Precautions Taken in addition to Standard Precautions • Limit patient movement • Isolate or cohort patients • Gown + gloves for patient / room contact • Remove immediately after contact • Do not touch eyes, nose, mouth with hands • Avoid contaminating environmental surfaces

  9. Droplet Precautions • Prevent infection by large droplets from • Sneezing • Coughing • Talking • Examples • Neisseria meningitidis • Pertussis • Influenza • Avian influenza (probable)

  10. Droplet Precautions Taken in addition to Standard Precautions • Place patients in single rooms or cohort 3 feet apart • Wear surgical mask within 3 feet of patient • Wear face shield or goggles within 3 feet of patient • Limit patient movement within facility • Patient wears mask when outside of room

  11. Airborne Precautions Taken in addition to Standard Precautions • Prevent spread of infection through very small (< 5 microns) airborne particles • Examples • Tuberculosis • Measles • Varicella • Variola

  12. Airborne Precautions • Use for influenza patients when: • History of travel to country with avian influenza activity within 10 days AND • Hospitalized with severe febrile respiratory illness • Or are otherwise under evaluation for avian influenza

  13. Airborne Precautions • N95 mask (or equivalent) for personnel • Check seal with each use • Negative pressure isolation room • Air exhaust to outside or re-circulated with HEPA filtration • Patient to wear a surgical mask if outside of the isolation room

  14. Sequence for Donning PPE • Wash hands • Gown • N95 Particulate respirator • Perform seal check • Hair cover • Goggles or face shield • Gloves

  15. Sequence for Removing PPE Remove in anteroom when possible • Untie gown and remove shoe covers • Gloves • Wash hands • Gown (and apron, if worn) • Goggles • Mask • Cap (if worn) • Boots • Wash hands

  16. Instructor Demonstration:Don and Remove PPE

  17. Choosing the Appropriate PPE

  18. Avian Influenza • Likely large droplet transmission • Possible airborne transmission • Recommended PPE varies depending on situation

  19. Interviewing - Asymptomatic Exposed Persons and Contacts • Low-risk activity • Routine use of PPE not recommended • Maintain 3 feet distance between interviewer and interviewee • Use proper hand hygiene • May use hand sanitizer (at least 60% alcohol) if hands not visibly soiled

  20. Interviewing - Symptomatic Exposed Persons • Higher risk activity • PPE recommended in community and healthcare facility • Contact precautions • Droplet precautions • N95 respirator • In healthcare facility, person should be placed in airborne isolation room

  21. Specimen Collection – Exposed Persons and Birds • High-risk aerosol-generating procedure • PPE recommended • Gloves • Gown • Goggles or face-shield • N95 or better respirator

  22. Breakout Groups

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