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Reading Mathematics

Reading Mathematics. Agenda. The Unique Aspects of Reading Text Comprehension Strategies Vocabulary Strategies. Mathematics Text Literacy. Mathematics textbooks have fewer words per page than social studies text, so you can read them more quickly.

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Reading Mathematics

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  1. Reading Mathematics

  2. Agenda • The Unique Aspects of Reading Text • Comprehension Strategies • Vocabulary Strategies

  3. Mathematics Text Literacy • Mathematics textbooks have fewer words per page than social studies text, so you can read them more quickly. • You need to use different reading skills when you read your math textbook than the skills you use to read textbooks in other classes

  4. Mathematics Text Literacy • Usually, you can skim over or skip most worded passages in math textbooks because the diagram, graphs, number lines, and symbols contain the most important information on the page • The words in a mathematics text may not have the same meaning in another subject area textbook • Mathematics is the most difficult content area for most students to read.

  5. How is Reading Mathematics Different? • Reading mathematics is not always from left to right • Mathematics texts contains more concepts per word, per sentence, and per paragraph than other text • Writers of mathematics texts generally write in a very terse or compact style

  6. How is Reading Mathematics Different? • Mathematics also requires students to be proficient at decoding not only words but also numeric and nonnumeric symbols • Many mathematics textbooks are written above the grade level for which they are intended

  7. Reading Mathematics Require • Decoding and comprehending what is read • Planning for and monitoring the effectiveness of one’s reading • Analyzing and evaluating the content in light of one’s prior knowledge, experiences and schemata • Making inferences and generating conclusions based on the reader’s unique interpretation of what is read

  8. Vocabulary • Certain concepts in mathematics are embedded within other concepts to be defined and understood. • Three categories of math words • Words that have the same meaning in Mathematical English (ME) and Ordinary English (OE) • Words that have meaning only in ME • Words that have different meanings in ME and in OE

  9. Research conducted in the past ten years reveals that vocabulary knowledge is the single most important factor contributing to reading comprehension.

  10. “Drill and practice methods, which involve multiple repetitions if the same type of information about a target word using only associative processing, did not appear to have reliable effects on comprehension” Debbie Miller – Words Words Words OK class write out the definition of “sum” 20 times….

  11. Students must encounter words in context more than once to learn them • Instruction in new words enhances learning those words in context • One of the best ways to learn a new word is to associate an image with it • Direct instruction on words that are critical to new content procedures the most powerful learning Classroom Instruction That Works - Marzano

  12. Vocabulary Strategies • LINCS • Concept Mapping • Frayer Model • Math Dictionary

  13. LINCS Strategy Term LINCing Story LINCing Picture Essential Definition List the Parts Indicate a Reminding word Note a LINCing Story Construct a LINCing Picture Self-test

  14. What is it Like? What is it? The Word > What are Some Examples?

  15. What is it Like? What is it? The Word > Closed Mathematical Shape Plane Figure Polygon Straight Sides Two-Dimensional Pentagon Hexagon Rhombus Made of line segments What are Some Examples?

  16. What is it Like? What is it? The Word > Multiple of 2 skip count starting at 0 Classification of numbers 2 is only even number that is a prime Even Ones digit is 0,2,4,6,8 Includes 0 but not 1 12 58 474 What are Some Examples?

  17. Definition (in own words) Characteristics WORD Examples in Life Non-Examples Frayer Model

  18. Frayer Model • Characteristics • Closed • Plane Figure • More than 2 straight sides • 2-Dimensional • Made of line segments Definition A mathematical shape that is a closed plane figure bounded by 3 or more lines segments. Polygon • Examples in Life • Pentagon • Hexagon • Square • Trapezoid • Non-Examples • Circle • Cone • Arrow • Cylinder

  19. Informational Text “Once a student leaves high school, 90% of his reading will be informational reading. Only 10% of his reading will be for pleasure.”

  20. Problem Solving Graphic Organizers • KNWS • Four-Square

  21. K-N-W-S

  22. K-N-W-S

  23. What facts do I KNOWfrom the information in the problem? WHAT does the problem ask me to find? Describe the approach to determine that he does not have enough plant food Jason has 8 plants Each plant needs ¼ cup of food Jason has bags containing 1 ½ cup of food What STRATEGY/ operation/ tools will I use to solve the problem? Is the answer reasonable? Did I answer the question asked? I check for reasonableness of answer 8 X ¼ = 2 cups 2 cups is less than 1 1/2 Or I could draw a picture

  24. Making Connections Creating Mental Models Drawing Inferences Determining Importance Questioning Synthesizing Monitoring Meaning Strategies That Work - Harvey

  25. Fix-Up Strategies - Tovani • Visualize • Use Print Conventions • Retell what You’ve Read • Reread • Look for Patterns

  26. Fix-Up Strategies - Tovani • Connection between text to • Self • World • Text • Make a Prediction • Slow Down • Ask yourself questions

  27. Thinking Strategies • Thinking Aloud • Marking Text • Modeling

  28. Strategies • Find Key Numbers and Words – Mark Text • Make Connections • Use Vocabulary Strategies • Ask Questions – Think Aloud • Draw Pictures, when possible • Learn Problem Solving Strategies • What is the Bottom Line Question • Is my answer reasonable?

  29. What do I think this problem is about? How do I find Circumference? What do I know about Circles? Back Wheel= 14 inches Front Wheel= 14 X 3 = 42 in

  30. What Shapes do I know? Where have I heard the word Quad used? How Many sides does each shape have? H, B, F, G

  31. Where Have I seen these numbers in Real Life?

  32. What is another Word for Probability? How many toys do I have in all? What is the Chance I will pull out a red toy?

  33. References • Barton, Mary Lee & Heidema, Clare. 2002. Teaching Reading in Mathematics. Colorado: MCREL • Billmeyer, Rachel & Barton, Mary Lee. 2002. Teaching Reading in the Content Areas: If Not Me, Then Who? Alexandria: ASCD • Harvey, Stephanie & Goudvis, Anne. 2000. Strategies That Work. Ontario: Stenhouse Publishers. • Tovani, Cris. 2000. I Read It, But I Don’t Get It. Maine: Stenhouse Publishers

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