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Nigeria

Nigeria. A Country Study. Africa’s Most Populous Country. 149, 229, 090 citizens 923,768 sq km Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone Exports: 95% petroleum and petroleum products, cocoa, rubber GDP: $335.4 billion

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Nigeria

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  1. Nigeria A Country Study

  2. Africa’s Most Populous Country • 149, 229, 090 citizens • 923,768 sq km • Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone • Exports: 95% petroleum and petroleum products, cocoa, rubber • GDP: $335.4 billion • 70% of the population is below the poverty line • 70% of the labor force is in agriculture • infant mortality rate: 94.35 deaths/ 1000 live births • life expectancy: 46.16 years for males • 47.76 years for females • - 2007 estimate of 2.6 million people living with HIV/Aids

  3. History • British control until after World War II • Independence in 1960 • Military rule before a new constitution in 1999 which transitioned to a civilian government • Ethnic and religious tension created a violent atmosphere for 2003 and 2004 elections • General election of 2007 marked the first civilian to civilian transfer of power in the country’s history http://www.worldcountries.info/Maps/Region/Africa-450-Nigeria.jpg

  4. Government • Federal Republic • 36 states and 1 territory • Executive Branch • President Umaru Musa YAR’ADUA • elected for a four year term by popular vote • Bicameral Legislative Branch • Supreme Court and Federal Court of Appeals http://ochiogbuaku.wordpress.com/2009/04/26/lets-outsource-the-management-of-nigeria-shall-we/

  5. Millennium Development Goals • Government approved a poverty reduction strategy, the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) created in 2003 and reorganized in 2005, NEEDS2 • Virtual Poverty Fund established after debt relief was extended to Nigeria in 2005 • $1 billion on an annual basis • Significant progress in education • Net enrollment rates increase as result of government’s implementation of the Universal Basic Education Program • In 2006, 145,000 teachers were retrained and 40,000 new teachers recruited through the Virtual Poverty Fund • 2009 Progress Chart • Most categories: progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist • Two categories: no progress or deterioration

  6. Officials Fear Cholera Resurgence in North • Floods in Adamawa state left over 2,000 Nigerian citizens displaced • Many of these citizens have no access to clean water • Demsa and Fufore districts hit with a cholera outbreak in August and September • The illness killed 70 people out of over 300 infected • - Outbreaks are caused by flood water contaminating wells • Aliyu Sambo, head of NEMA says, "We are doing our best to provide clean water for the displaced but our efforts are limited to a few trucks a day so people have to [turn to] unsafe water [to meet their needs]” • Nigeria is among four West African countries where less than half of the population can access safe drinking water, according to the UN.

  7. Slow Progress on Prison Reform • 150 prisoners escaped from Enugu state prison in southeastern Nigeria, beating and raping wardens and prisoners on their way out • The prison system is partially at fault for this as about two-thirds of Nigeria’s prisoners have been detained without trial • Police often arrest and detain people on “holding charges” while they collect evidence • Few government-subsidized legal aid programs, prisoners often cannot afford a lawyer • Bail conditions are often impossible to meet • With no trial, many prisoners end up spending more time detained than they would have under a conviction • A committee drew up reform recommendations and drafted a bill over two years ago that the national assembly has yet to take up • Passage for this bill is the most urgent reform

  8. Bibliography "MDG Profile: Nigeria." MDG Monitor. United Nations Development Programme, Sept. 2008. Web. 23 Sept. 2009. <http://www.mdgmonitor.org/ factsheets_00.cfm?c=NGA&cd=#> Mother at Work. Photograph. National Geographic. Web. 23 Sept. 2009. <http:// travel.nationalgeographic.com/places/photos/photo_nigeria_nigeria.html>. "NIGERIA: Officials fear cholera resurgence in north." IRIN. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 16 Sept. 2009. Web. 23 Sept. 2009. <http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=86178>. "NIGERIA: Slow progress on prison reform say lawyers." IRIN. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 18 Sept. 2009. Web. 23 Sept. 2009. <http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=86218>. "Nigeria." The World Fact Book. Central Intelligence Agency. Web. 23 Sept. 2009. <https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.html>.

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