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Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment. Personal Protective Equipment Personnel must be protected from the hazards at the scene OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132 Personal Protective Equipment OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection

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Personal Protective Equipment

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  1. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Equipment • Personnel must be protected from the hazards at the scene • OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132 Personal Protective Equipment • OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection • NFPA 472 Standard for Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents

  2. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Designed to protect the • Skin • Eyes • Face • Hands • Feet • Body • Head • Respiratory System

  3. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Must protect the wearer from • Heat • Hazardous materials • Contacting skin, eyes • No single ensemble can protect against all hazards • Must be concerned when choosing PPE • Firefighter turn out gear • Easily penetrated by fumes and vapors

  4. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • NFPA 472 identifies three types of protective clothing: • Structural fire-fighting protective clothing • High-temperature protective clothing • Chemical-protective clothing (CPC)

  5. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Structural Fire-Fighting Protective Clothing • Protects wearer from • Heat • Moisture • Ordinary hazards associated with structural fire fighting • Helmet • Coat • Pants • Boots • Gloves • PASS Device • Hood

  6. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Structural Fire-Fighting Protective Clothing • Provides limited protection against hazardous materials • Neither corrosive-resistant nor vapor-tight • Any liquids can soak through • Acids and bases can dissolve (deteriorate) the outer layers • Gases can penetrate the garment

  7. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Structural Fire-Fighting Protective Clothing • Hazardous materials may permeate any protective clothing • Pass through at the molecular level • Remain in the protective equipment • Subjects the wearer to repeated exposures • May render it unsafe for use

  8. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Structural Fire-Fighting Protective Clothing • Never clean turn-out gear at • Home • Public laundries • Any place that they might mix with other clothing • Never wear it into • Sleeping areas • Living areas

  9. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Structural Fire-Fighting Protective Clothing • Commonly used at hazardous materials incidents when the following conditions are met: • Contact with splashes of extremely hazardous materials is unlikely • Total atmospheric concentrations do not contain high levels of chemicals that are toxic to the skin • There are no adverse effects from chemical exposure to small areas of unprotected skin • There is a chance of fire or there is a fire and this type of protection is appropriate

  10. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • High-Temperature Protective Clothing • Designed to protect the wearer from short-term high-temperature exposures • Heat levels exceed the capabilities of standard fire-fighting protective clothing • Provides limited use in dealing with chemical hazards

  11. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • High-Temperature Protective Clothing • Proximity Suits • Permit close approach to fire for • Rescue • Fire-Suppression • Property Conservation • Aircraft rescue • Flammable liquid fires

  12. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • High-Temperature Protective Clothing • Fire-Entry Suits • Allow a person to work in total flame environments for short periods of time • Short-duration and close-proximity protection • Radiant heat as high as 2,000o F • Each suit has a specific use • Not interchangeable • Not designed to protect the wearer against chemical hazards

  13. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • High-Temperature Protective Clothing • Limitations • Contributes to heat stress • Bulky • Limits wearer’s vision • Limits wearer’s mobility • Limits communications • Requires frequent and extensive training • Expensive to purchase

  14. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Purpose is to shield or isolate individuals from the chemical, physical and biological hazards • NFPA recognizes two types: • Liquid splash protective clothing • Vapor protective clothing • CPC is made from a variety of different materials • None of which protects against all types of hazards

  15. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Manufacturer must provide a list of chemicals for which the suit is effective • May be purchased as a single or multi-piece garment

  16. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Encapsulating • Designed to completely cover the responder including the respiratory equipment • Nonencapsulating • Designed to provide protection in conjunction with the wearer’s respiratory protection • Attached or detachable: • Hood • Gloves • Boots

  17. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Designed to be impermeable to moisture • Prohibits heat transfer from body through evaporation • Causes a safety concern to the wearer • Hot environments • Extended work times • Strenuous work

  18. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • The effectiveness of CPC can be reduced by three actions: • Permeation • Degradation • Penetration

  19. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Permeation • Occurs when a chemical passes through a fabric on a molecular level • Typically no visibleevidence of chemicals permeating a material • Manufacturers provide charts of breakthrough time

  20. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Degradation • Chemical Degradation • Occurs when the characteristics of a material are altered through contact with chemical substances • Cracking • Brittleness • Most common observations • Discoloration • Swelling • Loss of strength

  21. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Penetration • Occurs when a hazardous material enters an opening or a puncture in a protective material • Rips • Tears • Cuts • Open zippers • Unsealed seams

  22. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Service Life • May be labeled for: • Reusable • Multiuse • Repeated use • Limited Use • Not disposable • Disposable • For one-time use

  23. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • OSHA identifies the following emergency response operations that may require the use of a CPC • Site Survey • Rescue • Spill Mitigation • Emergency Monitoring • Decontamination • Evacuation

  24. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Written Management Program • Must reference 29 CFR 1910.120 HAZWOPER • Policy statements • Procedures • Guidelines • Copies must be made to all personnel who may use CPC • Two basic objectives: • Protect the wearer from safety and health hazards • Prevent injury to the wearer

  25. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Written Management Program • Should include the following elements: • Hazard Identification • Medical Monitoring • Environmental Surveillance • Selection, Care, Testing and Maintenance • TRAINING

  26. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Liquid-Splash Protective Clothing • Designed to protect users from chemical liquid splashes • Does not protect against vapors or gases • Encapsulating • Single, one-piece garment • Boots and gloves are sometimes separate • Nonencapsulating • One-piece coverall or individual pieces • May be used in conjunction with respiratory protection

  27. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal Protective Clothing Type • Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) • Vapor-Protective Clothing • Designed to protect the wearer against chemical vapors or gases • Offers a greater level of protection than splash protective suits • Must be worn with positive pressure SCBA or SAR • Tested against 21 challenge chemicals

  28. Personal Protective Equipment • Respiratory Protection Types • Atmosphere-Supplying Respirators • Provides air from a source other than the surrounding atmosphere • Positive-Pressure SCBA • Closed-Circuit • Open-Circuit • Supplied Air Respirator

  29. Personal Protective Equipment • Respiratory Protection Types • Particulate-Removing Filters • Protects the user from particulates • Including airborne diseases • Absolute • Use screening to remove particles from the air • Excludes the particles that are larger than the filter’s pores • Nonabsolute • Contain pores larger than the particles

  30. Personal Protective Equipment • Respiratory Protection Types • Vapor and Gas – Removing Filters • Designed to protect against specific vapors • Catalyst • Substance that influences the rate of chemical reaction • Sorbent • Material that absorbs or adsorbs

  31. Personal Protective Equipment • Respiratory Protection Programs • Defined in a written document • Facepiece Fit Testing • Annually • Medical clearance is required first • Medical Testing • Annual physical

  32. Personal Protective Equipment • EPA Levels of Protection • Level A • Highest level of protection • Vapors • Gases • Mists • Particles • Fully encapsulation suit

  33. Personal Protective Equipment • EPA Levels of Protection • Level B • Garment that includes an SCBA and provides protection against splashes • Worn with a high level of respiratory protection • Encapsulating • Nonencapsulating

  34. Personal Protective Equipment • EPA Levels of Protection • Level C • Splash-protecting garment • Low level of respiratory protection • Air-purifying device • Level D • Work uniforms, street clothing, coveralls

  35. Personal Protective Equipment • Climate Concerns and Health Issues • Heat Disorders • Heat Stroke • Heat Exhaustion • Heat Cramps • Heat Rashes • Heat Fatigue

  36. Personal Protective Equipment • Climate Concerns and Health Issues • Heat-Exposure Prevention • Fluid Consumption • Body Ventilation • Body Cooling • Rest Areas • Work Rotation • Proper Liquids • Physical Fitness

  37. Personal Protective Equipment • Climate Concerns and Health Issues • Cold Disorders • Hypothermia • Trench Foot • Frostbite

  38. Personal Protective Equipment • Climate Concerns and Health Issues • Medical Monitoring • Required by NFPA 471 • Conducted: • Before responders wear PPE • After they are decontaminated • Vital signs • Hydration • Skin • Mental Status • Medical History • Post medical follow-up is also required

  39. Personal Protective Equipment Works Cited N.F.P.A. 472 “Standard for Competence of responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents” 2008 Edition N.F.P.A 1001 “Standard for Professional Firefighter Qualifications” 2008 Edition N.F.P.A. 1561 “Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System” 2008 Edition O.S.H.A 29 CFR 1910.120 “Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response” U.S. DOT “Emergency Response Guidebook” 2008 Edition

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