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The World’s Oceans

The World’s Oceans. EQ: How does the composition and topography of earth’s oceans vary by location?. Location of the World’s Oceans. The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean. It is bordered by North America, South America, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica

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The World’s Oceans

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  1. The World’s Oceans • EQ: How does the composition and topography of earth’s oceans vary by location?

  2. Location of the World’s Oceans • The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean. It is bordered by North America, South America, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica • The Atlantic is the second largest ocean. It is bordered by N. America, S. America, Africa, Europe, and Antarctica. • The third largest ocean is the Indian Ocean. It lies between the countries of India, Pakistan, Australia, and the continents of Africa and Antarctica.

  3. Composition of the World’s Oceans • The main substance dissolved in ocean water is sodium chloride (NaCl) or table salt. • Other dissolved solid substances are sulfate, magnesium, calcium, and potassium. • Solid substances dissolved in sea water come from rivers, streams, rocks from the shore, volcanoes and underwater hot springs. • The concentration of all the dissolved substances in sea water is about 3.5%.

  4. Composition of the World’s Oceans • The oceans also hold dissolved gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. • Marine life such as fish need dissolved oxygen in sea water to live. • Sea plants such as seaweeds need carbon dioxide to survive. They get it from the dissolved carbon dioxide in sea water.

  5. Topography of the World’s Oceans • Oceanographers have mapped the ocean floors by using special equipment. • Echo sounding, (pings), measure the time it takes a pulse of sound to go from the ship to the ocean floor and echo back to the ship. • The speed of sound in sea water averages about 1520 m per second.

  6. The Ocean • Impact on climate and weather

  7. Quick Check Which continents border the Atlantic Ocean? A. North America, South America, Asia, Australia B. Asia, Australia, Africa C. North America, South America, Europe, Africa D. South America, Europe, Asia, Australia

  8. Quick Check Which substance do fish need to live and take in from water that you take in from air? A. salt B. oxygen C. carbon dioxide D. water

  9. Quick Check Pings from an echo sounder aboard a ship make a round trip in 8 seconds. How far beneath the ship is the ocean floor? A. 2,920 meters B. 6,080 meters C. 11,680 meters D. 23,360 meters

  10. Quick Check Which shows the order of Earth’s three major oceans from largest to smallest? A. Pacific, Atlantic, Indian B. Atlantic, Pacific, Indian C. Indian, Atlantic, Pacific D. Atlantic, Indian, Pacific

  11. Quick Check If you were to walk along the ocean bottom from a beach, which of the following features would you reach after the continental shelf? A. the abyssal plain B. a seamount C. the mid-ocean ridge D. the continental slope

  12. Quick Check About how deep is the deepest pat of the world’s oceans? A. 4000 meters B. 8000 meters C. 11,000 meters D. 14,000 meters

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