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LEARNING

LEARNING. Classical Conditioning. A simple form of learning in which one stimulus comes to call forth the response usually called forth by another stimulus. Ivan Pavlov’s Experiment.

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LEARNING

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  1. LEARNING

  2. Classical Conditioning • A simple form of learning in which one stimulus comes to call forth the response usually called forth by another stimulus

  3. Ivan Pavlov’s Experiment • Russian physiologist who became the “Father of Classical Conditioning” for his studies of the gastric systems and salivary glands in dogs… Classical Conditioning

  4. Factors in Classical Conditioning • Unconditioned Stimulus: A stimulus that causes an automatic response • Unconditioned Response: Automatic response (unlearned) • Conditioned Stimulus: Previously neutral stimulus that when paired with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a response • Conditioned Response: Learned response to a stimulus that was neutral

  5. PAVLOV’S EXPERIMENT • Unconditioned Stimulus: Meat/Dog Food • Unconditioned Response: Dog Salivates • Conditioned Stimulus: Bell (paired with meat) • Conditioned Response: • Dog salivates

  6. Classical Conditioning • With a partner (do not get out of your seats), explain two ways in which you have been classically conditioned at school… at home…

  7. Taste Aversions • A learned avoidance to a particular food • Classical conditioning

  8. Extinction • When a conditioned stimulus is no longer followed by an unconditioned stimulus, it will eventually lose its ability to bring about a conditioned response

  9. Spontaneous Recovery • Extinguished responses can suddenly come back, a phenomenon known as Spontaneous Recovery

  10. Generalization • The act of responding in the same way to stimuli that are similar , even if the stimuli are not identical

  11. Discrimination • The act of responding differently to stimuli that are not similar to each other

  12. Flooding • A person is exposed to a harmless stimulus (that he or she may fear) until fear responses to that stimulus are extinguished

  13. Systematic Desensitization • Since Flooding can be traumatic, many psychologists prefer Systematic Desensitization: people are exposed to gradual bits of the stimulus they fear until they become desensitized

  14. Counterconditioning • A pleasant stimulus is paired with a feared stimulus, diminishing the effect of the feared stimulus

  15. Bell and Pad Method • Proven to help those with bed-wetting issues • When child starts to wet his bed, a loud bell rings, waking the child up • Eventually the child learns to recognize the feeling of a full bladder and wakes on this own

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