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Brief Overview of Macromolecules

Brief Overview of Macromolecules. DNA, RNA, and Proteins. What is “genomics”?. --The systematic study of the genome using large-scale DNA sequencing, gene-expression analysis, or computational methods.

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Brief Overview of Macromolecules

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  1. Brief Overview of Macromolecules DNA, RNA, and Proteins

  2. What is “genomics”? --The systematic study of the genome using large-scale DNA sequencing, gene-expression analysis, or computational methods. Genome: the total complement of genes contained in a cell or virus, commonly used to refer to all genes present in one complete haploid set of chromosomes in eukaryotes.

  3. Genome Sizes • Saccharomyces cerevisiae 13 Mb • Drosophila melanogaster 120 Mb • Homo sapiens 3,200 Mb • Fern 160,000 Mb • Amoeba dubia 670,000 Mb

  4. DNA Structure • Base / nucleotide pair: a pair of nitrogenous bases, most commonly one purine and one pyrimidine, held together by hydrogen bonds in a double stranded region of a nucleic acid molecule.

  5. Purines vs. Pyrimidines

  6. Nucleosides and Nucleotides • DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid adenosine ATP

  7. Polynucleotide Chain

  8. The Double Helix

  9. RNA vs. DNA

  10. RNA Structure • Single stranded

  11. Summary of DNA vs. RNA

  12. Protein Structure • Made up of amino acid chain.

  13. Peptides

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