Subjects and Verbs

1. Subjects and Verbs

2. Identifying the subject and the verb • Subjects tell whom or what the sentence is about. • Verbs tell what the subject is or does.

3. Importance of Subjects and Verbs • Sentences are groups of words that express a complete thought. • In order for sentences to express a complete thought, they need to have two elements: • Subjects • Verbs

4. Every single sentence needs to have those two things because every single sentence tells us what someone or something is or does. • By removing the prepositional phrases and adverbs, we can find the subject and verbs of the sentence. • Example: Sam softly threw the ball over the fence. Remove the prepositions: Sam softly threw the ball over the fence. Now remove the adverbs: Sam softly threw the ball over the fence. All you are left with is the subject and the verb phrase: Sam (subject) threw the ball (verb phrase)

5. Identification practice Directions: Identify the subject and verb by crossing out the prepositional phrases and adverbs. • The dog flew over the fence. • Nick slowly lagged behind the group. • After lunch, Kara found her phone in her backpack. • Beyond the trees, the treasure is buried deeply.

6. Verb Phrases • Verb phrases are two or more words acting together as a verb. • They are made from one main verb and one or more helping verbs. • (Examples: will run, might have jumped, had painted)

7. Main Verbs • Verb phrases can only have one main verb. • The main verb is the one that tells us the most about the verb. It shows the meaning. There are many, many main verbs. (teach, jump, skip, climb, learn…)

8. Helping Verbs • Helping verbs help the main verb. They don’t show meaning. • (Examples: will run, might have jumped, had painted) • There are only 24 helping verbs: be, am, is, are, was were, been, being, have, has, had could, should, would, may, might must, shall, can, will, do, did does, having

9. Identifying Helping verbs Directions: box in the helping verb. Cross out the prepositional phrase. Underline the subject. • People were singing across the street. • The kids might laugh at her. • Before trash day, garbage might smell. • People were singing across the street. • The kids might laugh at her. • Before trash day, garbage might smell.

10. Identifying Helping verbs • Directions: box in the helping verb(s). Cross out the prepositional phrase. Underline the subject. • After school, Lia will begin yard work. • Jamie has been living there for three years. • Some of the girls were practicing karate. • After school, Lia will begin yard work. • Jamie has been living there for three years. • Some of the girls were practicing karate.

11. What’s missing? • Directions: Determine what is missing in the sentence, the subject or verb, for it to be complete. • Tom down the street. • Yesterday after school, ran quickly to meet the mailman and get his report card, so he didn’t get grounded. • Kara, who is my younger sister. • Kate and Mikey, who are siblings, to pick out their parents Christmas gifts together.

12. What’s missing? • Directions: Determine what is missing in the sentence, the subject or verb, for it to be complete. • Has deep thoughts and emotions.  SUBJECT • My friend Sheila, who is scared of all reptiles. VERB • Said, “Then close your eyes Sheila.” SUBJECT

13. What’s missing? • Directions: Determine what is missing in the sentence, the subject or verb, for it to be complete. Then write out the sentence, showing where the subject or verb should be. • The small quacked loudly, hoping that we would it some of our French fries. • The small [subject] quacked loudly, hoping that we would [verb] some of our French fries. • Roasted in the very hot sun, sweat off our skin. • [Subject] roasted in the very hot sun, sweat [verb] off our skin.