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Rural vs. Urban. Rural = conservative moral values; slow-paced; anti-change; traditional roles & views Urban = modern views and roles ; lust for change & “new”; fast-paced ** FYI: New York = 5.6 mil Chicago = 3 mil Philadelphia = 2 mil. Trends on the Rise.
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Rural vs. Urban • Rural = conservative moral values; slow-paced; anti-change; traditional roles & views • Urban = modern views and roles; lust for change & “new”; fast-paced ** FYI: New York = 5.6 mil Chicago = 3 mil Philadelphia = 2 mil
Trends on the Rise • Isolationism = pull away from world affairs • Former foreign policy prior to WWI • Nativism = prejudice towards immigrants (again) • KKK on rise again • Limit immigration – Emergency Quota Act of 1921 • ↑ fear & paranoia of radicals & diff. political groups & urban ideas (change)
Defining Events • Red Scare • Palmer Raids • Sacco-Vanzetti • The Scopes Trial • Prohibition
Prohibition = 18th Amendment (1919) • Can’t mfg., sale, transport or consume alcohol • Liquor = MORAL corruption & crime • A “progressive movement” law • Volstead Act (1919) = enforce Prohibition • Understaffed & no $$ = epic fail
Illegal Liquor, a.k.a. “hooch” • Peeps tired of sacrifices from WWI; lust for enjoyment of life • Speakeasies = secret bars/nightclubs that sold illegal liquor; password protected • Bootleggers = smugglers of liquor from other countries (Can. & Mex. huge suppliers) • Make your own = “bathtub gin”
Organized Crime (The Mob) • Political Machine evolved • Used bribes & violence to control 1920s major cities • Al Capone = Crime Boss • Bootlegging & criminal empire in Chicago • Chicago = notorious org. crime city in ’20s • Illegal & corrupt
Fads & Trends • Competitions • Miss America Pageant • Dancing (Fox Trot, Charleston, Tango) • Obsessed w/Heroes • NY Yankee Babe Ruth – homerun hitter (#60 in 1927) • Charles Lindbergh - 1st solo non-stop flight across the Atlantic (1927)
Entertainment • Games/Sports – crossword puzzles, mahjong, boxing, tennis, baseball • Radio – news, shows & ads • New medium added to shared culture • Dramas = The Shadow • Comedies = Amos & Andy
cont. • Movies • The Jazz Singer (1927) – 1st movie w/sound • Steamboat Willie (1928) – 1st animated film • Literature • F. Scott Fitzgerald = The Great Gatsby – negative side of 1920s • Ernest Hemingway = The Sun Also Rises & A Farewell to Arms – criticized war
Groucho Marx Greta Garbo
Rodolfo Valentino – 1920s sex symbol Mary Pickford - “America’s Sweetheart”
Clara Bowa - “Ultimate New Woman” Bella Lugosi
Summarize • Recap what you have learned about the changes & conflicts occurring during the 1920s from the prev. slides.